Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Feb;43(2):170-5. doi: 10.1002/uog.12509.
To examine the inter- and intra-operator repeatability of manual placement of callipers in the assessment of basic biometric measurements and to compare the results to an automated calliper placement system.
Stored ultrasound images of 95 normal fetuses between 19 and 25 weeks' gestation were used. Five operators (two experts, one resident and two students) were asked to measure the BPD, OFD and FL two times manually and automatically. For each operator, intra-operator repeatability of the manual and automated measurements was assessed by within operator standard deviation. For the assessment of the interoperator repeatability, the mean of the four manual measurements by the two experts was used as the gold standard.The relative bias of the manual measurement of the three non-expert operators and the operator-independent automated measurement were compared with the gold standard measurement by means and 95% confidence interval.
In 88.4% of the 95 cases, the automated measurement algorithm was able to obtain appropriate measurements of the BPD, OFD, AC and FL. Within operator standard deviations of the manual measurements ranged between 0.15 and 1.56, irrespective of the experience of the operator.Using the automated biometric measurement system, there was no difference between the measurements of each operator. As far as the inter-operator repeatability is concerned, the difference between the manual measurements of the two students, the resident, and the gold standard was between -0.10 and 2.53 mm. The automated measurements tended to be closer to the gold standard but did not reach statistical significance.
In about 90% of the cases, it was possible to obtain basic biometric measurements with an automated system. The use of automated measurements resulted in a significant improvement of the intra-operator but not of the inter-operator repeatability, but measurements were not significantly closer to the gold standard of expert examiners.
研究手动放置卡尺评估基本生物测量值的组内和组间可重复性，并将结果与自动卡尺放置系统进行比较。
使用了 95 名 19 至 25 孕周正常胎儿的超声图像。5 名操作者（2 名专家、1 名住院医师和 2 名学生）被要求手动和自动测量 2 次 BPD、OFD 和 FL。对于每个操作者，通过操作者内标准差评估手动和自动测量的组内可重复性。为了评估组间可重复性，使用两位专家的 4 次手动测量的平均值作为金标准。使用均值和 95%置信区间，比较了三位非专家操作者的手动测量的相对偏差和独立于操作者的自动测量与金标准测量。
在 88.4%的 95 例中，自动测量算法能够获得适当的 BPD、OFD、AC 和 FL 测量值。无论操作者的经验如何，手动测量的操作者内标准差均在 0.15 至 1.56 之间。使用自动生物测量系统，每个操作者的测量值之间没有差异。就组间可重复性而言，两名学生、住院医师和金标准的手动测量之间的差异在-0.10 至 2.53 毫米之间。自动测量值更接近金标准，但没有达到统计学意义。
在大约 90%的情况下，可以使用自动系统获得基本的生物测量值。自动测量的使用显著提高了操作者内的可重复性，但对操作者间的可重复性没有显著改善，并且测量值与专家检查者的金标准没有显著接近。
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