Increase the reliability and applicability of quartz crystal resonator coupled with other instruments.

The principle and applications of quartz-crystal resonator systems and the methods to increase their reliability and applicability coupled with other instruments were reported. The principle of quartz-crystal resonator system was documented with based on the three basic concepts for mass, viscosity, and viscoelastic changes. In the preliminary discussion, the realization of a resonant frequency-resonant resistance diagram was described in detail. As the examples of quartz-crystal resonator applications with introducing the resonant resistance concept and the resonant frequency, the fabrication of a carbon-coated quartz crystal sensor and monitoring changes in the viscoelastic properties of thin polymer films were carefully discussed. Examples for increasing their reliability and applicability of quartz crystal resonator systems combined with UV-visible spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), or Charge Coupled Device (CdCD) camera were described.