National Institute for Research and Development for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, Street Uzinei, No. 4, P.O. Râureni, P.O. Box 7, 240050 Rm. Vâlcea, Romania.
J Hazard Mater. 2013 Oct 15;261:316-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.042. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
The samples of hazardous aluminum solid waste such as dross were physically and chemically characterized. A relationship between density, porosity and metal content of dross was established. The paper also examines the chemical reactions involving aluminum dross in landfill and the negative consequences. To avoid environmental problems and to recovery the aluminum, a processing method was developed and aluminum was recovered as an added value product such as alumina. This method refers to a process at low temperature, in more stages: acid leaching, purification, precipitation and calcination. At the end of this process aluminum was extracted, first as Al(3+) soluble ions and final as alumina product. The composition of the aluminum dross and alumina powder obtained were measured by applying the leaching tests, using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and chemical analysis. The mineralogical composition of aluminum dross samples and alumina product were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphological characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The method presented in this work allows the use of hazardous aluminum solid waste as raw material to recover an important fraction from soluble aluminum content as an added value product, alumina, with high grade purity (99.28%).
对危险的铝固体废弃物（如浮渣）进行了物理化学特性分析。建立了浮渣的密度、孔隙率和金属含量之间的关系。本文还研究了铝渣在垃圾填埋场中的化学反应及其负面影响。为了避免环境问题并回收铝，开发了一种处理方法，将铝回收为附加值产品，如氧化铝。该方法是指在低温、多阶段下进行的工艺：酸浸、净化、沉淀和煅烧。在该过程结束时，铝首先以可溶的 Al(3+)离子形式提取，最后以氧化铝产品的形式提取。采用浸出试验、原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和化学分析对铝渣和氧化铝粉末的组成进行了测量。采用 X 射线衍射（XRD）确定了铝渣样品和氧化铝产品的矿物组成，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行了形态特征分析。本文所提出的方法允许使用危险的铝固体废弃物作为原料，从可溶铝含量中回收重要的一部分，作为附加值产品氧化铝，其纯度（99.28%）较高。
