Protected Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Sep;134(3):2486-96. doi: 10.1121/1.4816573.
Acoustic survey methods can be used to estimate density and abundance using sounds produced by cetaceans and detected using hydrophones if the probability of detection can be estimated. For passive acoustic surveys, probability of detection at zero horizontal distance from a sensor, commonly called g(0), depends on the temporal patterns of vocalizations. Methods to estimate g(0) are developed based on the assumption that a beaked whale will be detected if it is producing regular echolocation clicks directly under or above a hydrophone. Data from acoustic recording tags placed on two species of beaked whales (Cuvier's beaked whale-Ziphius cavirostris and Blainville's beaked whale-Mesoplodon densirostris) are used to directly estimate the percentage of time they produce echolocation clicks. A model of vocal behavior for these species as a function of their diving behavior is applied to other types of dive data (from time-depth recorders and time-depth-transmitting satellite tags) to indirectly determine g(0) in other locations for low ambient noise conditions. Estimates of g(0) for a single instant in time are 0.28 [standard deviation (s.d.) = 0.05] for Cuvier's beaked whale and 0.19 (s.d. = 0.01) for Blainville's beaked whale.
声学调查方法可以用来估计密度和丰度，使用鲸鱼产生的声音，并使用水听器检测，如果可以估计检测概率的话。对于被动声学调查，在传感器的零水平距离处的检测概率，通常称为 g(0)，取决于发声的时间模式。基于假设，如果鲸鱼在水听器下方或上方直接产生规则的回声定位点击，就会检测到鲸鱼，因此开发了估计 g(0)的方法。从放置在两种喙鲸（喙鲸-Ziphius cavirostris 和贝氏喙鲸-Mesoplodon densirostris）上的声学记录标签中获得的数据，用于直接估计它们产生回声定位点击的时间百分比。将这些物种的发声行为模型作为其潜水行为的函数应用于其他类型的潜水数据（来自时间-深度记录器和时间-深度传输卫星标签），以在低环境噪声条件下间接确定其他位置的 g(0)。喙鲸的 g(0)估计值为 0.28（标准差（s.d.）= 0.05），而贝氏喙鲸的 g(0)估计值为 0.19（s.d. = 0.01）。
