Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Dec;24(12):607-15. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.08.001. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
Intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) is emerging as an important energy fuel source during muscle contraction and are adaptively increased in response to exercise, without adverse physiological effects. Paradoxically, elevated IMTG content in obese and type 2 diabetics has been linked to insulin resistance, highlighting the importance of IMTG pools in physiology and pathology. Two separate views suggest that IMTG dynamics are determinant for skeletal muscle fat oxidation, and that disruption of IMTG dynamics facilitates the accumulation of lipotoxic intermediates such as diacylglycerols and ceramides that interfere with insulin signaling. Thus, understanding the factors that control IMTG dynamics is crucial. Here we discuss recent literature describing the regulation of IMTG pools with a particular emphasis on lipases and lipid droplet (LD)-associated proteins.
肌内三酰基甘油 (IMTG) 在肌肉收缩过程中作为一种重要的能量燃料来源而出现，并且可以通过运动适应性增加，而不会产生不良的生理影响。矛盾的是，肥胖和 2 型糖尿病患者的 IMTG 含量升高与胰岛素抵抗有关，这凸显了 IMTG 池在生理和病理生理学中的重要性。两种不同的观点表明，IMTG 动力学是骨骼肌脂肪氧化的决定因素，而 IMTG 动力学的破坏会促进脂毒性中间产物（如二酰基甘油和神经酰胺）的积累，从而干扰胰岛素信号。因此，了解控制 IMTG 动力学的因素至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了最近描述 IMTG 池调节的文献，特别强调了脂肪酶和脂滴（LD）相关蛋白。
