Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2014 Jan;58(1):42-52. doi: 10.1111/lam.12154. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
The diversity of the cultivable microbiota of the marine sponge Phorbas tenacior frequently found in the Mediterranean Sea was investigated, and its potential as a source of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiplasmodial compounds was evaluated. The cultivable bacterial community was studied by isolation, cultivation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Twenty-three bacterial strains were isolated and identified in the Proteobacteria (α or γ classes) and Actinobacteria phyla. Furthermore, three different bacterial morphotypes localized extracellularly within the sponge tissues were revealed by microscopic observations. Bacterial strains were assigned to seven different genera, namely Vibrio, Photobacterium, Shewanella, Pseudomonas, Ruegeria, Pseudovibrio and Citricoccus. The strains affiliated to the same genus were differentiated according to their genetic dissimilarities using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. Eleven bacterial strains were selected for evaluation of their bioactivities. Three isolates Pseudovibrio P1Ma4, Vibrio P1MaNal1 and Citricoccus P1S7 revealed antimicrobial activity; Citricoccus P1S7 and Vibrio P1MaNal1 isolates also exhibited antiplasmodial activity, while two Vibrio isolates P1Ma8 and P1Ma5 displayed antioxidant activity. These data confirmed the importance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria associated with marine sponges as a reservoir of bioactive compounds.
This study presents the first report on the diversity of the cultivable bacteria associated with the marine sponge Phorbas tenacior, frequently found in the Mediterranean Sea. Evaluation of the antiplasmodial, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the isolates has been investigated and allowed to select bacterial strains, confirming the importance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria as sources of bioactive compounds.
本研究调查了在地中海中常见的坚韧海绵（Phorbas tenacior）可培养微生物区系的多样性，并评估了其作为抗菌、抗氧化和抗疟化合物来源的潜力。通过分离、培养和 16S rRNA 基因测序研究了可培养的细菌群落。在变形菌门（α 或 γ 类）和放线菌门中分离和鉴定了 23 株细菌菌株。此外，通过显微镜观察揭示了三种不同的细菌形态位于海绵组织内的细胞外。细菌菌株被分配到七个不同的属，即弧菌属、发光杆菌属、希瓦氏菌属、假单胞菌属、鲁格尔氏菌属、假黄杆菌属和柠檬酸球菌属。根据随机扩增多态性 DNA（RAPD）分析，将属于同一属的菌株根据其遗传差异进行区分。选择了 11 株细菌菌株进行生物活性评价。三种分离株 Pseudovibrio P1Ma4、Vibrio P1MaNal1 和 Citricoccus P1S7 表现出抗菌活性；Citricoccus P1S7 和 Vibrio P1MaNal1 分离株也表现出抗疟原虫活性，而两种 Vibrio 分离株 P1Ma8 和 P1Ma5 表现出抗氧化活性。这些数据证实了与海洋海绵相关的变形菌门和放线菌门作为生物活性化合物的重要储库。
本研究首次报道了与地中海常见坚韧海绵相关的可培养细菌的多样性。对分离株的抗疟原虫、抗菌和抗氧化活性的评估已进行了调查，并选择了细菌菌株，证实了变形菌门和放线菌门作为生物活性化合物来源的重要性。
