南非老年人自我报告的慢性非传染性疾病患病率及相关因素。
Self-reported prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and associated factors among older adults in South Africa.
机构信息
HIV/AIDS/STI/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa; Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor: Research and Engagement, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa;
出版信息
Glob Health Action. 2013 Sep 19;6:20936. doi: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.20936.
INTRODUCTION
Little is known about the prevalence and predictors of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) of older adults in South Africa. This study aims to investigate the self-reported prevalences of major chronic NCDs and their predictors among older South Africans.
METHODS
We conducted a national population-based cross-sectional survey with a sample of 3,840 individuals aged 50 years or above in South Africa in 2008. The outcome variable was the self-reported presence of chronic NCDs suffered, namely, arthritis, stroke, angina, diabetes, chronic lung disease, asthma, depression, and hypertension. The exposure variables were sociodemographic characteristics: age, gender, education, wealth status, race, marital status, and residence. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine sociodemographic factors predictive of the presence of chronic NCDs.
RESULTS
The prevalence of chronic NCDs was 51.8%. The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) was 22.5%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female, being in age groups 60-79 and 70-79, being Coloured or Asian, having no schooling, having greater wealth, and residing in an urban area were associated with the presence of NCDs.
CONCLUSION
The rising burden of chronic NCDs affecting older people places a heavy burden on the healthcare system as a result of increased demand and access to healthcare services. Concerted effort is needed to develop strategies for the prevention and management of NCDs, especially among economically disadvantaged individuals who need these services the most.
简介
关于南非老年人慢性非传染性疾病（NCDs）的流行率和预测因素知之甚少。本研究旨在调查南非老年人主要慢性 NCD 的自我报告流行率及其预测因素。
方法
我们于 2008 年在南非进行了一项全国性的基于人群的横断面调查，样本包括 3840 名年龄在 50 岁及以上的个体。结局变量是自我报告患有慢性 NCD，即关节炎、中风、心绞痛、糖尿病、慢性肺病、哮喘、抑郁和高血压。暴露变量是社会人口统计学特征：年龄、性别、教育、财富状况、种族、婚姻状况和居住地点。多变量逻辑回归用于确定与慢性 NCD 存在相关的社会人口统计学因素。
结果
慢性 NCD 的患病率为 51.8%。多种慢性疾病（≥2 种慢性疾病）的患病率为 22.5%。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，女性、60-79 岁和 70-79 岁年龄组、有色人种或亚洲人、未接受过学校教育、财富水平较高以及居住在城市地区与 NCD 的存在相关。
结论
慢性 NCD 给老年人带来的负担不断增加，导致对医疗保健服务的需求增加和获得医疗保健服务的机会增加，从而给医疗保健系统带来了沉重的负担。需要共同努力制定预防和管理 NCD 的策略，特别是在最需要这些服务的经济弱势群体中。
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