National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Feb 1;470-471:660-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.016. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
Prioritizing and assessing risks associated with chemicals, industrial materials, or emerging technologies is a complex problem that benefits from the involvement of multiple stakeholder groups. For example, in the case of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), scientific uncertainties exist that hamper environmental, health, and safety (EHS) assessments. Therefore, alternative approaches to standard EHS assessment methods have gained increased attention. The objective of this paper is to describe the application of a web-based, interactive decision support tool developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in a pilot study on ENMs. The piloted tool implements U.S. EPA's comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) approach to prioritize research gaps. When pursued, such research priorities can result in data that subsequently improve the scientific robustness of risk assessments and inform future risk management decisions. Pilot results suggest that the tool was useful in facilitating multi-stakeholder prioritization of research gaps. Results also provide potential improvements for subsequent applications. The outcomes of future CEAWeb applications with larger stakeholder groups may inform the development of funding opportunities for emerging materials across the scientific community (e.g., National Science Foundation Science to Achieve Results [STAR] grants, National Institutes of Health Requests for Proposals).
优先考虑和评估与化学品、工业材料或新兴技术相关的风险是一个复杂的问题,需要多个利益相关者群体的参与。例如,在工程纳米材料 (ENM) 的情况下,存在科学不确定性,这阻碍了环境、健康和安全 (EHS) 的评估。因此,人们越来越关注替代标准 EHS 评估方法的方法。本文的目的是描述由美国环境保护署 (USEPA) 开发的基于网络的交互式决策支持工具在工程纳米材料试点研究中的应用。试点工具实施了 USEPA 的综合环境评估 (CEA) 方法来确定研究差距的优先级。如果进行此类研究,可以获得数据,从而提高风险评估的科学稳健性,并为未来的风险管理决策提供信息。试点结果表明,该工具在促进利益相关者对研究差距进行优先排序方面非常有用。结果还为后续应用提供了潜在的改进。未来与更大利益相关者群体一起使用 CEAWeb 应用程序的结果可能会为新兴材料在整个科学界的资金机会的发展提供信息(例如,美国国家科学基金会实现成果的科学 [STAR] 赠款、美国国立卫生研究院提案请求)。