Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
Mol Med Rep. 2014 Mar;9(3):989-92. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1870. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a significant environmental pollutant responsible for a number of human diseases. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is likely to have the potential to relieve PM2.5‑induced cell injury. The present study is designed to preliminarily observe the harmful effect of PM2.5 and the protective effect of Rg1 against PM2.5 on human A549 lung epithelial cells in vitro. The cytotoxic effects of the PM2.5 or Rg1 on A549 cells were measured by means of cell viability, and then exposure concentration of PM2.5 and pretreatment concentration of Rg1 used in the following assays were established. The A549 cells were pretreated with Rg1 for 1 h and then exposed to PM2.5 for 24 h. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cell culture supernatant and malondialdehyde (MDA) within the cells were assayed. The present results revealed that 200‑1,200 µg/ml of PM2.5 decreased the viability of A549 cells significantly in a concentration‑dependent manner; however, 50‑400 µg/ml of Rg1 had no significant effect. Pretreatment with 100, 200 or 400 µg/ml Rg1 significantly diminished the 200 µg/ml PM2.5‑induced A549 cell viability and decreased LDH leakage and MDA generation in a concentration‑dependent manner. These results indicated that PM2.5 induced cell injury and Rg1, antagonized PM2.5‑induced cell injury to a certain extent.
细颗粒物（PM2.5）是一种重要的环境污染物，可导致多种人类疾病。人参皂苷 Rg1（Rg1）可能具有缓解 PM2.5 诱导的细胞损伤的潜力。本研究旨在初步观察 PM2.5 对体外人 A549 肺上皮细胞的有害作用以及 Rg1 对 PM2.5 的保护作用。通过细胞活力测量来衡量 PM2.5 或 Rg1 对 A549 细胞的细胞毒性作用，然后确定用于以下测定的 PM2.5 暴露浓度和 Rg1 的预处理浓度。用 Rg1 预处理 A549 细胞 1 h，然后用 PM2.5 暴露 24 h。测定细胞培养上清液中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平和细胞内的丙二醛（MDA）水平。结果表明，200-1200 µg/ml 的 PM2.5 以浓度依赖性方式显著降低 A549 细胞活力；然而，50-400 µg/ml 的 Rg1 没有显著影响。用 100、200 或 400 µg/ml 的 Rg1 预处理可显著降低 200 µg/ml PM2.5 诱导的 A549 细胞活力，并以浓度依赖性方式降低 LDH 漏出和 MDA 生成。这些结果表明，PM2.5 诱导细胞损伤，Rg1 拮抗 PM2.5 诱导的细胞损伤在一定程度上。
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