尼古丁成瘾的药物遗传学：多巴胺的作用
Pharmacogenetics of nicotine addiction: role of dopamine.
作者信息
Herman Aryeh I, DeVito Elise E, Jensen Kevin P, Sofuoglu Mehmet
机构信息
Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & VA Connecticut Healthcare System, VA Medical Center, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
出版信息
Pharmacogenomics. 2014 Feb;15(2):221-34. doi: 10.2217/pgs.13.246.
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) plays a central role in addictive disorders, including nicotine addiction. Specific DA-related gene variants have been studied to identify responsiveness to treatment for nicotine addiction. Genetic variants in DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1, DAT1, COMT and DBH genes show some promise in informing personalized prescribing of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies. However, many trials studying these variants had small samples, used retrospective design or were composed of mainly self-identified Caucasian individuals. Furthermore, many of these studies lacked a comprehensive measurement of nicotine metabolism rate, did not assess the roles of sex or the menstrual cycle, and did not investigate the role of rare variants and/or epigenetic factors. Future work should be conducted addressing these limitations to more effectively utilize DA genetic information to unlock the potential of smoking cessation pharmacogenetics.
摘要
神经递质多巴胺（DA）在包括尼古丁成瘾在内的成瘾性疾病中起着核心作用。人们已经对特定的多巴胺相关基因变体进行了研究，以确定对尼古丁成瘾治疗的反应性。DRD2、DRD4、ANKK1、DAT1、COMT和DBH基因的遗传变体在为戒烟药物疗法的个性化处方提供依据方面显示出一些前景。然而，许多研究这些变体的试验样本量较小，采用回顾性设计，或者主要由自我认定的白种人个体组成。此外，这些研究中的许多缺乏对尼古丁代谢率的全面测量，没有评估性别或月经周期的作用，也没有研究罕见变体和/或表观遗传因素的作用。未来的工作应该解决这些局限性，以便更有效地利用多巴胺基因信息，挖掘戒烟药物遗传学的潜力。
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