Matsumoto Chihiro
Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 2014;116(1):54-60.
The 166th annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association was held in May 2013. where the long-awaited DSM-5 was released with a number of seminars and symposia organized. This review primarily focused on changes in DSM-5 from its predecessor, DSM-IV-TR. Examples of such changes include the removal of subtypes from schizophrenia, an increase in clinical presentations that are described by specifiers for bipolar disorders, the removal of exclusion criteria of bereavement from depressive disorders, and reconceptualization of pervasive developmental disorders. These changes seemed to collectively point to a transition from categorical to dimensional conceptualization of mental disorders, an increase in the use of specifiers, and increased reliance on clinical judgment Criticism of DSM-5 was also introduced, followed by discussion on how diagnostic classification systems are expected to evolve.
美国精神病学协会第166届年会于2013年5月召开。会上发布了期待已久的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版(DSM-5),并组织了一系列研讨会和座谈会。本综述主要聚焦于DSM-5相较于其前身《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版(DSM-IV-TR)的变化。此类变化的例子包括精神分裂症亚型的删除、双相情感障碍特定说明所描述的临床表现增加、抑郁障碍中丧亲排除标准的删除以及广泛性发育障碍的重新概念化。这些变化似乎共同指向了从精神障碍的类别概念化向维度概念化的转变、特定说明使用的增加以及对临床判断的更多依赖。同时也介绍了对DSM-5的批评,随后讨论了诊断分类系统未来的发展方向。