Jain Priyamvada, Chakma Babina, Patra Sanjukta, Goswami Pranab
Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:852645. doi: 10.1155/2014/852645. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
Malaria has been responsible for the highest mortality in most malaria endemic countries. Even after decades of malaria control campaigns, it still persists as a disease of high mortality due to improper diagnosis and rapidly evolving drug resistant malarial parasites. For efficient and economical malaria management, WHO recommends that all malaria suspected patients should receive proper diagnosis before administering drugs. It is thus imperative to develop fast, economical, and accurate techniques for diagnosis of malaria. In this regard an in-depth knowledge on malaria biomarkers is important to identify an appropriate biorecognition element and utilize it prudently to develop a reliable detection technique for diagnosis of the disease. Among the various biomarkers, plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein II (HRP II) have received increasing attention for developing rapid and reliable detection techniques for malaria. The widely used rapid detection tests (RDTs) for malaria succumb to many drawbacks which promotes exploration of more efficient economical detection techniques. This paper provides an overview on the current status of malaria biomarkers, along with their potential utilization for developing different malaria diagnostic techniques and advanced biosensors.
在大多数疟疾流行国家，疟疾一直是导致最高死亡率的原因。即使经过数十年的疟疾防治运动，由于诊断不当和疟原虫耐药性迅速演变，疟疾仍然是一种高死亡率疾病。为了实现高效且经济的疟疾管理，世界卫生组织建议所有疑似疟疾患者在给药前应接受正确诊断。因此，开发快速、经济且准确的疟疾诊断技术势在必行。在这方面，深入了解疟疾生物标志物对于确定合适的生物识别元件并谨慎利用它来开发可靠的疾病诊断检测技术非常重要。在各种生物标志物中，疟原虫乳酸脱氢酶和富含组氨酸的蛋白II（HRP II）在开发快速可靠的疟疾检测技术方面受到越来越多的关注。广泛使用的疟疾快速检测试验（RDTs）存在许多缺点，这促使人们探索更高效经济的检测技术。本文概述了疟疾生物标志物的现状，以及它们在开发不同疟疾诊断技术和先进生物传感器方面的潜在用途。
