Rohrer S, Dietrich J W
Klinik für Nephrologie, Augusta Krankenanstalten Bochum.
Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
Z Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun;52(6):593-600. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1366430. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
The refeeding syndrome is a dangerous condition, which may even lead to death. The syndrome occurs after re-establishment of adequate nutrition in malnourished and cachectic patients. More specifically its occurrence has been reported during oral, enteral and parenteral feeding. Early diagnosis is crucial for adequate and timely therapy. However, due to a lack of knowledge in the community this is not always achieved. The leading symptom is hypophosphatemia, often accompanied by electrolyte disturbances and vitamin and trace element deficiencies. Due to a concomitant administration of carbohydrates and intravenous fluid volume it may also lead to hypervolemia with cardiac failure. Compromise of other organ functions with a varying degree of severity, even leading to death, have been reported. The most efficient prevention of the refeeding syndrom is recommended by an early identification of patients at risk and the administration of an initially lower caloric nutrition accompanied by a tight and regularly scheduled observation of relevant laboratory parameters.
This literature research included the following terms: "refeeding syndrome" and "hypophosphataemia" including the 2006 guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (UK).
再喂养综合征是一种危险状况，甚至可能导致死亡。该综合征发生于营养不良和恶病质患者重新建立充足营养之后。更具体地说，在口服、肠内和肠外喂养期间均有其发生的报道。早期诊断对于充分且及时的治疗至关重要。然而，由于业内对此缺乏了解，这一点并非总能做到。主要症状是低磷血症，常伴有电解质紊乱以及维生素和微量元素缺乏。由于同时给予碳水化合物和静脉液体量，它还可能导致伴有心力衰竭的血容量过多。已报道其他器官功能出现不同程度的损害，甚至导致死亡。通过早期识别高危患者并给予初始热量较低的营养，同时密切且定期观察相关实验室参数，可推荐对再喂养综合征进行最有效的预防。
这项文献研究纳入了以下术语：“再喂养综合征”和“低磷血症”，包括英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所2006年的指南。
