Prostaglandin E1 or E2 inhibits an oxytocin-induced premature luteolysis in ewes when oxytocin is given early in the estrous cycle.

The objective of this study was to determine whether PGE1 or PGE2 prevents a premature luteolysis when oxytocin is given on Days 1 to 6 of the ovine estrous cycle. Oxytocin given into the jugular vein every 8 hours on Days 1 to 6 postestrus in ewes decreased (P ≤ 0.05) luteal weights on Day 8 postestrus. Plasma progesterone differed (P ≤ 0.05) among the treatment groups; toward the end of the experimental period, concentrations of circulating progesterone in the oxytocin-only treatment group decreased (P ≤ 0.05) when compared with the other treatment groups. Plasma progesterone concentrations in ewes receiving PGE1 or PGE1 + oxytocin were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than in vehicle controls or in ewes receiving PGE2 or PGE2 + oxytocin and was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in all treatment groups receiving PGE1 or PGE2 than in ewes treated only with oxytocin. Chronic intrauterine treatment with PGE1 or PGE2 also prevented (P ≤ 0.05) oxytocin decreases in luteal unoccupied and occupied LH receptors on Day 8 postestrus. Oxytocin given alone on Days 1 to 6 postestrus in ewes advanced (P ≤ 0.05) increases in PGF2α in inferior vena cava or uterine venous blood. PGE1 or PGE2 given alone did not affect (P ≥ 0.05) concentrations of PGF2α in inferior vena cava and uterine venous blood when compared with vehicle controls or oxytocin-induced PGF2α increases (P ≤ 0.05) in inferior vena cava or uterine venous blood. We concluded that PGE1 or PGE2 prevented oxytocin-induced premature luteolysis by preventing a loss of luteal unoccupied and occupied LH receptors.