微笑时牙龈暴露的频率以及有牙龈暴露和无牙龈暴露受试者的生物测量比较。

Khan Faiza, Abbas Muhammad

Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Jul;24(7):503-7.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the frequency of gingival display during smiling and to compare biometric measurements in subjects with and without gingival display.

STUDY DESIGN

Cross-sectional study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY

Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from October 2012 to March 2013.

METHODOLOGY

A total of 275 subjects (121 men and 154 women) were included in this study. The age of the participants ranged between 21 and 65 years. Measurements were carried out using digital caliper. For each participants, the gingival display was judged as either visible or not. The amounts of horizontal and vertical overlap of anterior teeth were measured using a digital caliper. Gender differences in these parameters and the relationship between subjects showing gingival display when smiling and the two intraoral dental biometric measurements were determined. Statistical analyses of data were performed using SPSS version 17.0 software. The mean scores for gender were calculated and a Student's t-test was used to identify significant differences between both groups. Significant level was set to 0.05.

RESULTS

A relatively small percentage of the subjects (37.8%) displayed gingiva when smiling. More women significantly displayed gingiva when smiling than men, with a 2:1 female: male ratio. Women had significantly (p=0.001) more horizontal overlap (3.34 ± 1.45 mm) than men (2.90 ± 1.44 mm), although no significant gender difference were found in vertical overlap. Subjects with gingival display had significantly (p < 0.05) more horizontal (3.49 ± 1.36 mm) and vertical (3.26 ± 1.47 mm) overlap of anterior teeth compared to those who did not display gingiva when smiling.

CONCLUSION

Significantly more women displayed gingiva in smiling. Women had significantly more horizontal overlap than men. No gender differences were recorded between vertical overlap. Subjects who displayed gingiva when smiling had more horizontal and vertical overlap of anterior teeth.

目的

确定微笑时牙龈暴露的发生率，并比较有牙龈暴露和无牙龈暴露受试者的生物测量数据。

研究设计

横断面研究。

研究地点和时间

2012年10月至2013年3月，卡拉奇道健康科学大学伊什拉特 - 乌尔 - 伊巴德·汗口腔健康科学研究所口腔修复科。

方法

本研究共纳入275名受试者（121名男性和154名女性）。参与者年龄在21至65岁之间。使用数字卡尺进行测量。对每位参与者，判断牙龈暴露是否可见。使用数字卡尺测量前牙的水平和垂直覆盖量。确定这些参数的性别差异以及微笑时牙龈暴露的受试者与两种口腔内牙齿生物测量之间的关系。使用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行统计分析。计算性别平均得分，并使用学生t检验确定两组之间的显著差异。显著性水平设定为0.05。

结果

相对较小比例的受试者（37.8%）微笑时牙龈暴露。微笑时牙龈暴露的女性明显多于男性，女性与男性比例为2:1。女性的水平覆盖量（3.34±1.45毫米）显著多于男性（2.90±1.44毫米）（p = 0.001），尽管垂直覆盖量未发现显著性别差异。与微笑时不暴露牙龈的受试者相比，牙龈暴露的受试者前牙的水平（3.49±1.36毫米）和垂直（3.26±1.47毫米）覆盖量显著更多（p < 0.05）。