进入外科实习阶段的女性军事医学院毕业生：我们是否跟上了全国趋势？
Female military medical school graduates entering surgical internships: are we keeping up with national trends?
作者信息
Vertrees Amy, Laferriere Nicole, Elster Eric, Shriver Craig D, Rich Norman M
机构信息
Walter Reed National Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; Norman M. Rich Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Norman M. Rich Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
出版信息
Am J Surg. 2014 Oct;208(4):550-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.05.009. Epub 2014 Jul 27.
BACKGROUND
Ratios of women graduating from the only US military medical school and entering surgical internships were reviewed and compared with national trends.
METHODS
Data were obtained from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences graduation announcements from 2002 to 2012.
RESULTS
There were 1,771 graduates from 2002 to 2012, with 508 female (29%) and 1,263 male (71%) graduates. Female graduates increased over time (21% to 39%; P = .014). Female general surgery interns increased from 3.9% to 39% (P = .025). Female overall surgical subspecialty interns increased from 20% in 2002 to 36% in 2012 (P = .046). Women were represented well in obstetrics (57%), urology (44%), and otolaryngology (31%), but not in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and ophthalmology (0% to 20%).
CONCLUSIONS
The sex disparity between military and civilian medical students occurs before entry. Once in medical school, women are just as likely to enter general surgery or surgical subspecialty as their male counterparts. Increased ratio of women in the class is unlikely to lead to a shortfall except in specific subspecialties.
背景
回顾了美国唯一一所军事医学院毕业并进入外科实习的女性比例，并与全国趋势进行了比较。
方法
数据来自2002年至2012年美国军事卫生科学大学的毕业公告。
结果
2002年至2012年共有1771名毕业生，其中女性508名（29%），男性1263名（71%）。女性毕业生人数随时间增加（从21%增至39%；P = 0.014）。女性普通外科实习生从3.9%增至39%（P = 0.025）。女性外科亚专科实习生总数从2002年的20%增至2012年的36%（P = 0.046）。女性在产科（57%）、泌尿外科（44%）和耳鼻喉科（31%）占比高，但在神经外科、骨科和眼科占比低（0%至20%）。
结论
军事医学生和平民医学生之间的性别差异在入学前就已存在。一旦进入医学院，女性与男性一样有可能进入普通外科或外科亚专科。班级中女性比例增加不太可能导致短缺，特定亚专科除外。
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