Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Am Deimelsberg 34a, 45276 Essen, Germany.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Sep 2;14:328. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-328.
A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the therapeutic value of yoga interventions. This bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the characteristics of the totality of available randomized yoga trials.
All RCTs of yoga were eligible. Medline/PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, IndMED, and the tables of content of yoga specialty journals not listed in medical databases were screened through February 2014. Bibliometric data, data on participants, and intervention were extracted and analyzed descriptively.
Published between 1975 and 2014, a total of 366 papers were included, reporting 312 RCTs from 23 different countries with 22,548 participants. The median study sample size was 59 (range 8-410, interquartile range = 31, 93). Two hundred sixty-four RCTs (84.6%) were conducted with adults, 105 (33.7%) with older adults and 31 (9.9%) with children. Eighty-four RCTs (26.9%) were conducted with healthy participants. Other trials enrolled patients with one of 63 varied medical conditions; the most common being breast cancer (17 RCTs, 5.4%), depression (14 RCTs, 4.5%), asthma (14 RCTs, 4.5%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (13 RCTs, 4.2%). Whilst 119 RCTs (38.1%) did not define the style of yoga used, 35 RCTs (11.2%) used Hatha yoga and 30 RCTs (9.6%) yoga breathing. The remaining 128 RCTs (41.0%) used 46 varied yoga styles, with a median intervention length of 9 weeks (range 1 day to 1 year; interquartile range = 5, 12). Two hundred and forty-four RCTs (78.2%) used yoga postures, 232 RCTs (74.4%) used breath control, 153 RCTs (49.0%) used meditation and 32 RCTs (10.3%) used philosophy lectures. One hundred and seventy-four RCTs (55.6%) compared yoga with no specific treatment; 21 varied control interventions were used in the remaining RCTs.
This bibliometric analysis presents the most complete up-to-date overview on published randomized yoga trials. While the available research evidence is sparse for most conditions, there was a marked increase in published RCTs in recent years.
越来越多的随机对照试验（RCT）研究了瑜伽干预的治疗价值。本计量分析旨在全面回顾现有的全部随机瑜伽试验的特征。
所有瑜伽的 RCT 均符合纳入标准。通过 2014 年 2 月前的 Medline/PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane 图书馆、IndMED 和未列入医学数据库的瑜伽专业期刊的目录进行筛选。提取并描述性分析计量学数据、参与者数据和干预措施数据。
发表于 1975 年至 2014 年期间，共纳入 366 篇论文，报道了来自 23 个不同国家的 312 项 RCT，共有 22548 名参与者。中位研究样本量为 59（范围 8-410，四分位间距 31，93）。264 项 RCT（84.6%）为成年人进行，105 项（33.7%）为老年人进行，31 项（9.9%）为儿童进行。84 项 RCT（26.9%）为健康参与者进行。其他试验招募了 63 种不同医学病症的患者；最常见的是乳腺癌（17 项 RCT，5.4%）、抑郁症（14 项 RCT，4.5%）、哮喘（14 项 RCT，4.5%）和 2 型糖尿病（13 项 RCT，4.2%）。虽然 119 项 RCT（38.1%）未定义所使用的瑜伽风格，但 119 项 RCT（38.1%）未定义所使用的瑜伽风格，其中 35 项 RCT（11.2%）使用哈他瑜伽，30 项 RCT（9.6%）使用瑜伽呼吸法。其余 128 项 RCT（41.0%）使用了 46 种不同的瑜伽风格，干预时间中位数为 9 周（范围 1 天至 1 年；四分位间距 5，12）。244 项 RCT（78.2%）使用瑜伽姿势，232 项 RCT（74.4%）使用呼吸控制，153 项 RCT（49.0%）使用冥想，32 项 RCT（10.3%）使用哲学讲座。174 项 RCT（55.6%）将瑜伽与无特定治疗进行比较；其余 RCT 采用了 21 种不同的对照干预措施。
本计量分析提供了目前已发表的随机瑜伽试验最完整的最新概述。虽然大多数情况下的研究证据都很匮乏，但近年来发表的 RCT 明显增多。
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