大学生与社区赌徒的比较：动机、冲动性和赌博认知。
A comparison of university student and community gamblers: Motivations, impulsivity, and gambling cognitions.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada ; Now at the University of Calgary, Canada.
出版信息
J Behav Addict. 2014 Mar;3(1):54-64. doi: 10.1556/JBA.3.2014.007. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The present study tested whether the associations among motivational, cognitive, and personality correlates of problem gambling severity differed across university student gamblers (n = 123) and gamblers in the general adult community (n = 113).
METHODS
The participants completed a survey that included standardized measures of gambling motivation, gambling related cognitions, and impulsivity. The survey also asked participants to report the forms of gambling in which they engaged to test whether gambling involvement (number of different forms of gambling) was related to problem gambling severity. After completing the survey, participants played roulette online to examine whether betting patterns adhered to the gambler's fallacy.
RESULTS
Gambling involvement was significantly related to problem gambling severity for the community sample but not for the student sample. A logistic regression analysis that tested the involvement, motivation, impulsivity and cognitive correlates showed that money motivation and gambling related cognitions were the only significant independent predictors of gambling severity. Adherence to the gambler's fallacy was stronger for students than for the community sample, and was associated with gambling related cognitions.
DISCUSSION
The motivational, impulsivity and cognitive, and correlates of problem gambling function similarly in university student gamblers and in gamblers from the general adult community. Interventions for both groups should focus on the financial and cognitive supports of problem gambling.
背景与目的
本研究旨在检验大学生赌徒（n=123）和普通成年社区赌徒（n=113）中，与赌博问题严重程度相关的动机、认知和人格相关性是否存在差异。
方法
参与者完成了一项调查，其中包括赌博动机、与赌博相关的认知和冲动性的标准化测量。该调查还要求参与者报告他们参与的赌博形式，以测试赌博参与度（不同形式的赌博数量）是否与赌博问题严重程度相关。完成调查后，参与者在线玩轮盘赌，以检验他们的下注模式是否符合赌徒谬误。
结果
对社区样本而言，赌博参与度与赌博问题严重程度显著相关，但对学生样本则不然。一项逻辑回归分析检验了参与度、动机、冲动性和认知相关性，结果表明，金钱动机和与赌博相关的认知是赌博严重程度的唯一显著独立预测因素。与社区样本相比，学生更倾向于遵守赌徒谬误，且与赌博相关的认知相关。
讨论
大学生赌徒和普通成年社区赌徒的赌博问题的动机、冲动性和认知相关性相似。针对这两个群体的干预措施应侧重于提供财务和认知支持以解决赌博问题。
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