Al-Delaimy Wael K, Larsen Catherine Wood, Pezzoli Keith
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Global Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0628, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Urban Studies and Planning Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0517.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Sep 15;11(9):9532-52. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110909532.
Living near landfills is a known health hazard prompting recognition of environmental injustice. The study aim was to compare self-reported symptoms of ill health among residents of four neighborhoods, living in haphazardly constructed settlements surrounded by illegal dumpsites in Tijuana, Mexico. One adult from each of 388 households located in Los Laureles Canyon were interviewed about demographics, health status, and symptoms. Distance from each residence to both the nearest dumpsite and the canyon bottom was assessed. The neighborhoods were selected from locations within the canyon, and varied with respect to proximity to dump sites. Residents of San Bernardo reported significantly higher frequencies of ill-health symptoms than the other neighborhoods, including extreme fatigue (OR 3.01 (95% CI 1.6-5.5)), skin problems/irritations (OR 2.73 (95% CI 1.3-5.9)), stomach discomfort (OR 2.47 (1.3-4.8)), eye irritation/tears (OR 2.02 (1.2-3.6)), and confusion/difficulty concentrating (OR 2.39 (1.2-4.8)). Proximity to dumpsites did not explain these results, that varied only slightly when adjusted for distance to nearest dumpsite or distance to the canyon bottom. Because San Bernardo has no paved roads, we hypothesize that dust and the toxicants it carries is a possible explanation for this difference. Studies are needed to further document this association and sources of toxicants.
生活在垃圾填埋场附近是一种已知的健康危害,这引发了人们对环境不公正的认识。该研究的目的是比较墨西哥蒂华纳四个社区居民自我报告的健康不佳症状,这些社区位于杂乱建造的定居点,周围环绕着非法垃圾场。对位于洛斯劳雷莱斯峡谷的388户家庭中的每户一名成年人进行了人口统计学、健康状况和症状方面的访谈。评估了每个住所到最近垃圾场和峡谷底部的距离。这些社区是从峡谷内的地点选取的,在与垃圾场的距离方面各不相同。圣贝尔纳多的居民报告的健康不佳症状频率明显高于其他社区,包括极度疲劳(比值比3.01(95%置信区间1.6 - 5.5))、皮肤问题/刺激(比值比2.73(95%置信区间1.3 - 5.9))、胃部不适(比值比2.47(1.3 - 4.8))、眼睛刺激/流泪(比值比2.02(1.2 - 3.6))以及困惑/注意力难以集中(比值比2.39(1.2 - 4.8))。与垃圾场的距离并不能解释这些结果,在根据到最近垃圾场的距离或到峡谷底部的距离进行调整后,结果仅有轻微变化。由于圣贝尔纳多没有铺设道路,我们推测灰尘及其携带的有毒物质可能是造成这种差异的原因。需要开展研究以进一步证实这种关联以及有毒物质的来源。