Milano Nicholas J, Heilman Kenneth M
Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Center for Neuropsychological Studies, and the Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida.
Cogn Behav Neurol. 2014 Sep;27(3):166-72. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000033.
Contralesional hemispatial neglect most often results from lesions in the right posterior temporoparietal cortex. Less commonly, contralesional and ipsilesional neglect are caused by lesions in the frontal lobe. Although unilateral left cerebellar lesions have been reported to cause body-centered (egocentric) ipsilesional neglect, they have not been reported to cause left-side object-centered (allocentric) neglect together with a leftward action-intentional bias. We describe a patient who had these signs of neglect 7 months after a left cerebellar hemorrhage. This 61-year-old right-handed woman reported emotional lability and difficulty walking, frequently bumping into things on her left side. Neurologic examination revealed ocular dysmetria and left-side limb ataxia. Neuropsychological tests showed evidence of neglect. On a clock-drawing test, the patient accurately drew a circle but her number placement deviated to the left side. She showed the same leftward deviation when she tried to draw a circle composed of small triangles. Although her line bisection was normal, on an allocentric task of open-triangle cancellation she was most likely to neglect triangles with a left-side opening. Her performance on this task indicated left allocentric neglect. Her leftward deviation on the clock and figure drawing tasks seems to be a form of an action-intentional grasp, which may have been induced by right frontal dysfunction superimposed on a deficit of global attention.
对侧半空间忽视最常见于右侧后颞顶叶皮质受损。较少见的是,额叶病变可导致对侧和同侧忽视。虽然单侧左侧小脑病变据报道可引起以身体为中心(自我中心)的同侧忽视,但尚未有报道称其会导致左侧以物体为中心(异我中心)的忽视以及向左的动作意向偏差。我们描述了一名患者,其在左侧小脑出血7个月后出现了这些忽视症状。这位61岁的右利手女性报告有情绪不稳定和行走困难,经常撞到左侧的东西。神经系统检查发现眼球辨距不良和左侧肢体共济失调。神经心理学测试显示有忽视迹象。在画钟测试中,患者准确画出了一个圆,但数字位置偏向左侧。当她试图画一个由小三角形组成的圆时,也出现了同样的向左偏差。虽然她的直线二等分正常,但在一个异我中心的开放三角形删除任务中,她最容易忽视左侧开口的三角形。她在这项任务中的表现表明存在左侧异我中心忽视。她在画钟和图形绘制任务中的向左偏差似乎是一种动作意向性抓握形式,可能是由叠加在整体注意力缺陷上的右额叶功能障碍引起的。