利用ISSR和染色体标记分析中国本土大麻品种的遗传多样性。

Analysis of the genetic diversity of Chinese native Cannabis sativa cultivars by using ISSR and chromosome markers.

作者信息

Zhang L G, Chang Y, Zhang X F, Guan F Z, Yuan H M, Yu Y, Zhao L J

机构信息

College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.

College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China

出版信息

Genet Mol Res. 2014 Dec 12;13(4):10490-500. doi: 10.4238/2014.December.12.10.

DOI:10.4238/2014.December.12.10

PMID:25511032

Abstract

Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is an important fiber crop, and native cultivars exist widely throughout China. In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 27 important Chinese native hemp cultivars, by using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and chromosome markers. We determined the following chromosome formulas: 2n = 20 = 14m + 6sm; 2n = 20 = 20m; 2n = 20 = 18m + 2sm; 2n = 20 = 16m + 4sm; and 2n = 20 = 12m + 8sm. The results of our ISSR analysis revealed the genetic relationships among the 27 cultivars; these relationships were analyzed by using the unweighted pair-group method based on DNA polymorphism. Our results revealed that all of the native cultivars showed considerable genetic diversity. At a genetic distance of 0.324, the 27 varieties could be classified into five categories; this grouping corresponded well with the chromosome formulas. All of the investigated hemp cultivars represent relatively primitive types; moreover, the genetic distances show a geographical distribution, with a small amount of regional hybridity.

摘要

大麻（Cannabis sativa）是一种重要的纤维作物，中国各地广泛存在本地栽培品种。在本研究中，我们利用简单序列重复区间（ISSR）和染色体标记分析了27个重要的中国本地大麻栽培品种的遗传多样性。我们确定了以下染色体公式：2n = 20 = 14m + 6sm；2n = 20 = 20m；2n = 20 = 18m + 2sm；2n = 20 = 16m + 4sm；以及2n = 20 = 12m + 8sm。我们的ISSR分析结果揭示了这27个栽培品种之间的遗传关系；这些关系通过基于DNA多态性的非加权配对组方法进行分析。我们的结果表明，所有本地栽培品种都表现出相当大的遗传多样性。在遗传距离为0.324时，这27个品种可分为五类；这种分组与染色体公式非常吻合。所有被调查的大麻栽培品种都代表相对原始的类型；此外，遗传距离呈现出地理分布，存在少量的区域杂交情况。