Parker Elizabeth M, Lindstrom Johnson Sarah R, Jones Vanya C, Haynie Denise L, Cheng Tina L
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2016 Mar;31(6):1007-25. doi: 10.1177/0886260514564064. Epub 2014 Dec 21.
Parents influence urban youths' violence-related behaviors. To provide effective guidance, parents should understand how youth perceive conflict, yet little empirical research has been conducted regarding parent and youth perceptions of conflict. The aims of this article are to (a) report on the nature of discrepancies in attribution of fault, (b) present qualitative data about the varying rationales for fault attribution, and (c) use quantitative data to identify correlates of discrepancy including report of attitudes toward violence, parental communication, and parents' messages about retaliatory violence. Interviews were conducted with 101 parent/adolescent dyads. The study population consisted of African American female caretakers (n = 92; that is, mothers, grandmothers, aunts) and fathers (n = 9) and their early adolescents (mean age = 13.6). A total of 53 dyads were discrepant in identifying instigators in one or both videos. When discrepancy was present, the parent was more likely to identify the actor who reacted to the situation as at fault. In the logistic regression models, parental attitudes about retaliatory violence were a significant correlate of discrepancy, such that as parent attitudes supporting retaliatory violence increased, the odds of discrepancy decreased. The results suggest that parents and adolescents do not always view conflict situations similarly, which may inhibit effective parent-child communication, parental advice, and discipline. Individuals developing and implementing family-based violence prevention interventions need to be cognizant of the complexity of fault attribution and design strategies to promote conversations around attribution of fault and effective conflict management.
父母会影响城市青少年与暴力相关的行为。为了提供有效的指导,父母应该了解青少年如何看待冲突,但关于父母和青少年对冲突的看法,实证研究却很少。本文的目的是:(a)报告过错归因差异的本质;(b)呈现关于过错归因不同理由的定性数据;(c)使用定量数据确定差异的相关因素,包括对暴力态度的报告、亲子沟通以及父母关于报复性暴力的信息。对101对父母/青少年二元组进行了访谈。研究对象包括非裔美国女性照顾者(n = 92;即母亲、祖母、阿姨)和父亲(n = 9)以及他们的青少年早期孩子(平均年龄 = 13.6岁)。在识别一个或两个视频中的煽动者时共有53个二元组存在差异。当出现差异时,父母更有可能将对情况做出反应的行为者认定为有错。在逻辑回归模型中,父母对报复性暴力的态度是差异的一个显著相关因素,即随着支持报复性暴力的父母态度增加,出现差异的几率降低。结果表明,父母和青少年并不总是以相同的方式看待冲突情况,这可能会抑制有效的亲子沟通、父母的建议和管教。制定和实施基于家庭的暴力预防干预措施的个人需要认识到过错归因的复杂性,并设计策略来促进围绕过错归因和有效冲突管理的对话。