细胞生长与分裂过程中的细菌肌动蛋白和微管蛋白同源物。
Bacterial actin and tubulin homologs in cell growth and division.
作者信息
Busiek Kimberly K, Margolin William
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
出版信息
Curr Biol. 2015 Mar 16;25(6):R243-R254. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.01.030.
In contrast to the elaborate cytoskeletal machines harbored by eukaryotic cells, such as mitotic spindles, cytoskeletal structures detectable by typical negative stain electron microscopy are generally absent from bacterial cells. As a result, for decades it was thought that bacteria lacked cytoskeletal machines. Revolutions in genomics and fluorescence microscopy have confirmed the existence not only of smaller-scale cytoskeletal structures in bacteria, but also of widespread functional homologs of eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins. The presence of actin, tubulin, and intermediate filament homologs in these relatively simple cells suggests that primitive cytoskeletons first arose in bacteria. In bacteria such as Escherichia coli, homologs of tubulin and actin directly interact with each other and are crucial for coordinating cell growth and division. The function and direct interactions between these proteins will be the focus of this review.
与真核细胞所拥有的复杂细胞骨架机器（如有丝分裂纺锤体）不同，细菌细胞通常没有典型负染电子显微镜可检测到的细胞骨架结构。因此，几十年来人们一直认为细菌缺乏细胞骨架机器。基因组学和荧光显微镜技术的革命不仅证实了细菌中存在较小规模的细胞骨架结构，还证实了真核细胞骨架蛋白广泛存在功能同源物。在这些相对简单的细胞中存在肌动蛋白、微管蛋白和中间丝同源物，这表明原始细胞骨架最初起源于细菌。在诸如大肠杆菌等细菌中，微管蛋白和肌动蛋白的同源物相互直接作用，对于协调细胞生长和分裂至关重要。这些蛋白质之间的功能及直接相互作用将是本综述的重点。
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