APOBEC3 基因：逆转录病毒限制因子到癌症驱动因子。

APOBEC3 genes: retroviral restriction factors to cancer drivers.

机构信息

Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.

Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.

出版信息

Trends Mol Med. 2015 May;21(5):274-84. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.02.007. Epub 2015 Mar 25.

DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.02.007

PMID:25820175

Abstract

The APOBEC3 cytosine deaminases play key roles in innate immunity through their ability to mutagenize viral DNA and restrict viral replication. Recent advances in cancer genomics, together with biochemical characterization of the APOBEC3 enzymes, have now implicated at least two family members in somatic mutagenesis during tumor development. We review the evidence linking these enzymes to carcinogenesis and highlight key questions, including the potential mechanisms that misdirect APOBEC3 activity to the host genome, the links to viral infection, and the association between a common APOBEC3 polymorphism and cancer risk.

摘要

APOBEC3 胞嘧啶脱氨酶通过使病毒 DNA 突变和限制病毒复制在先天免疫中发挥关键作用。癌症基因组学的最新进展，以及 APOBEC3 酶的生化特征，现在已经将至少两个家族成员牵连到肿瘤发展过程中的体细胞突变中。我们综述了将这些酶与致癌作用联系起来的证据，并强调了关键问题，包括将 APOBEC3 活性错误导向宿主基因组的潜在机制、与病毒感染的联系，以及常见 APOBEC3 多态性与癌症风险之间的关联。