短信提醒对津巴布韦卡多马儿童免疫规划的效果——一项随机对照试验，2013年
Effectiveness of short message services reminder on childhood immunization programme in Kadoma, Zimbabwe - a randomized controlled trial, 2013.
作者信息
Bangure Donewell, Chirundu Daniel, Gombe Notion, Marufu Tawanda, Mandozana Gibson, Tshimanga Mufuta, Takundwa Lucia
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
City Health Department, Kadoma City Council, Kadoma City, Zimbabwe.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Feb 12;15:137. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1470-6.
BACKGROUND
Globally, non-attendance for immunization appointments remains a challenge to healthcare providers. A review of the 2011 immunization coverage for Kadoma City, Zimbabwe was 74% for Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV), Pneumococcal and Pentavalent antigens. The immunization coverage was less than 90%, which is the target for Kadoma City. Adoption of short message services (SMS) reminders has been shown to enhance attendance in some medical settings. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of SMS reminders on immunization programme for Kadoma City.
METHODS
A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Kadoma City clinics in Zimbabwe. Women who delivered and were residents of Kadoma City were recruited into the study. In the intervention group, SMS reminders were sent at 6, 10 and 14 weeks in addition to routine health education. In the non-intervention no SMS reminders were used, however routine health education was offered. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Epi Info 7™, where frequencies, means, risk ratios and risk differences were generated.
RESULTS
A total of 304 participants were recruited, 152 for the intervention group and 152 for the non-intervention group. The immunization coverage at 6 weeks was 97% in the intervention group and 82% in the non-intervention group (p < 0.001). At 14 weeks immunization coverage was 95% for intervention and 75% for non-intervention group (p < 0.001). Those who did not delay receiving immunization at 14 weeks was 82% for the intervention and 8% for non-intervention group. Median delay for intervention was 0 days (Q1 = 0; Q3 = 0) and 10 days (Q1 = 6; Q3 = 17) for non-intervention group. The risk difference (RD) for those who received SMS reminders than those in the non intervention group was 16.3% (95% CI: 12.5-28.0) at 14 weeks.
CONCLUSION
Immunization coverage in the intervention group was significantly higher than in non-intervention group. Overall increase in immunization coverage can be attributed to use of SMS.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN70918594 . Registration Date: 28 August 2014.
背景
在全球范围内，免疫接种预约未到诊问题一直困扰着医疗服务提供者。对津巴布韦卡多马市2011年免疫接种覆盖率的审查显示，口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）、肺炎球菌和五价抗原的覆盖率为74%。免疫接种覆盖率低于90%，而这是卡多马市的目标覆盖率。在一些医疗环境中，采用短信提醒已被证明可提高到诊率。本研究旨在确定短信提醒对卡多马市免疫规划的有效性。
方法
在津巴布韦卡多马市的诊所进行了一项随机对照试验。招募在卡多马市分娩并居住在该市的妇女参与研究。在干预组中，除了常规健康教育外，在第6、10和14周发送短信提醒。在非干预组中，不使用短信提醒，但提供常规健康教育。使用访员管理的问卷收集数据。使用Epi Info 7™进行数据分析，生成频率、均值、风险比和风险差异。
结果
共招募了304名参与者，干预组152名，非干预组152名。干预组第6周的免疫接种覆盖率为97%，非干预组为82%（p < 0.001）。第14周时，干预组的免疫接种覆盖率为95%，非干预组为75%（p < 0.001）。在第14周未延迟接种疫苗的比例，干预组为82%，非干预组为8%。干预组的中位延迟天数为0天（Q1 = 0；Q3 = 0），非干预组为10天（Q1 = 6；Q3 = 17）。在第14周，收到短信提醒的人群与非干预组相比，风险差异（RD）为16.3%（95%CI：12.5 - 28.0）。
结论
干预组的免疫接种覆盖率显著高于非干预组。免疫接种覆盖率的总体提高可归因于短信的使用。
试验注册
ISRCTN70918594。注册日期：2014年8月28日。
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