肉毒杆菌神经毒素复合体的结构：一种用于保护和递送的分子机器。
Architecture of the botulinum neurotoxin complex: a molecular machine for protection and delivery.
作者信息
Lam Kwok-Ho, Jin Rongsheng
机构信息
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2015 Apr;31:89-95. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.03.013. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are extremely poisonous protein toxins that cause the fatal paralytic disease botulism. They are naturally produced in bacteria with several nontoxic neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs) and together they form a progenitor toxin complex (PTC), the largest bacterial toxin complex known. In foodborne botulism, the PTC functions as a molecular machine that helps BoNT breach the host defense in the gut. Here, we discuss the substantial recent advance in elucidating the atomic structures and assembly of the 14-subunit PTC, including structures of BoNT and four NAPs. These structural studies shed light on the molecular mechanisms by which BoNT is protected against the acidic environment and proteolytic destruction in the gastrointestinal tract, and how it is delivered across the intestinal epithelial barrier.
肉毒杆菌神经毒素（BoNTs）是极其有毒的蛋白质毒素，可导致致命的麻痹性疾病肉毒中毒。它们在细菌中自然产生，与几种无毒神经毒素相关蛋白（NAPs）一起，共同形成一种祖毒素复合物（PTC），这是已知最大的细菌毒素复合物。在食源性肉毒中毒中，PTC起着分子机器的作用，帮助BoNT突破肠道中的宿主防御。在此，我们讨论了最近在阐明14亚基PTC的原子结构和组装方面取得的重大进展，包括BoNT和四种NAPs的结构。这些结构研究揭示了BoNT如何在胃肠道中抵御酸性环境和蛋白水解破坏的分子机制，以及它如何穿过肠道上皮屏障。
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