婴儿视角场景中的面孔在生命的第一年里会发生变化。
The Faces in Infant-Perspective Scenes Change over the First Year of Life.
作者信息
Jayaraman Swapnaa, Fausey Caitlin M, Smith Linda B
机构信息
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2015 May 27;10(5):e0123780. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123780. eCollection 2015.
Mature face perception has its origins in the face experiences of infants. However, little is known about the basic statistics of faces in early visual environments. We used head cameras to capture and analyze over 72,000 infant-perspective scenes from 22 infants aged 1-11 months as they engaged in daily activities. The frequency of faces in these scenes declined markedly with age: for the youngest infants, faces were present 15 minutes in every waking hour but only 5 minutes for the oldest infants. In general, the available faces were well characterized by three properties: (1) they belonged to relatively few individuals; (2) they were close and visually large; and (3) they presented views showing both eyes. These three properties most strongly characterized the face corpora of our youngest infants and constitute environmental constraints on the early development of the visual system.
成熟的面部感知源于婴儿的面部经历。然而，对于早期视觉环境中面部的基本统计信息却知之甚少。我们使用头戴式摄像头，捕捉并分析了22名年龄在1至11个月的婴儿在日常活动中超过72000个从婴儿视角拍摄的场景。这些场景中面部出现的频率随年龄显著下降：对于最小的婴儿，每清醒一小时面部出现15分钟，而对于最大的婴儿，仅出现5分钟。一般来说，现有的面部具有三个特征：（1）它们属于相对较少的个体；（2）它们距离近且视觉上较大；（3）它们呈现出双眼可见的视图。这三个特征最强烈地刻画了我们最小婴儿的面部样本，并构成了视觉系统早期发育的环境限制。
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