Jourdain F, Roiz D, Perrin Y, Grucker K, Simard F, Paupy C
Centre national d'expertise sur les vecteurs, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290-UM, centre IRD de Montpellier, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2015 Aug;22(3):101-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2015.06.001. Epub 2015 Jun 30.
Arboviruses - viruses transmitted by haematophagous arthropods - are responsible for febrile syndromes, which sometimes include haemorrhagic or neurological symptoms. Human activities have facilitated the emergence of these originally zoonotic viruses and the domestication and spread throughout the world of their major vectors. The last decade has seen significant changes in the epidemiology of arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, particularly in relation to the intercontinental spread of Aedes albopictus. Here, we address the epidemiological consequences of the invasion by this species into Central Africa and Europe in a context of viral globalization. The risk of transmission in these areas is influenced by virus-vector adaptation phenomena as well as environmental phenomena including climate. Faced with these new risks, it is essential to develop competences in entomological and virological surveillance, risk assessment and forecasting of epidemic risk in order to develop strategies for the prevention and control of epidemics.
虫媒病毒——由吸血节肢动物传播的病毒——是引起发热综合征的原因，这些综合征有时包括出血或神经症状。人类活动促进了这些原本属于人畜共患的病毒的出现，以及它们主要传播媒介的驯化和在全球的传播。在过去十年中，由伊蚊属蚊子传播的虫媒病毒的流行病学发生了显著变化，特别是在白纹伊蚊的洲际传播方面。在此，我们探讨了在病毒全球化背景下，该物种入侵中非和欧洲的流行病学后果。这些地区的传播风险受到病毒与传播媒介适应现象以及包括气候在内的环境现象的影响。面对这些新风险，培养昆虫学和病毒学监测能力、风险评估能力以及流行病风险预测能力对于制定预防和控制疫情的策略至关重要。
