有热量限制和无热量限制的阻力训练对超重和肥胖老年人动脉僵硬度的影响。
Effects of Resistance Training With and Without Caloric Restriction on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight and Obese Older Adults.
作者信息
Jefferson Margie E, Nicklas Barbara J, Chmelo Elizabeth A, Crotts Charlotte I, Shaltout Hossam A, Diz Debra I, Marsh Anthony P, Brinkley Tina E
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA; Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
出版信息
Am J Hypertens. 2016 Apr;29(4):494-500. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv139. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
BACKGROUND
Arterial stiffness is an important marker of vascular aging that is increased in sedentary, obese older adults. Weight loss induced by caloric restriction (CR) can improve arterial stiffness in this population; however, the effects of resistance training (RT) are not clear. This pilot study determined the effects of RT with and without CR on arterial stiffness in overweight and obese older adults.
METHODS
Participants (mean age = 68±3 years, mean body mass index = 31.1±2.7 kg/m(2), 56% female, 13% Black) were randomly assigned to 3 days/week of supervised moderate-intensity RT (n = 16) or RT+CR (n = 16) for 5 months. Three indices of arterial stiffness were measured: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, large artery elasticity, and small artery elasticity.
RESULTS
Body mass was significantly reduced in the RT+CR group compared to the RT group (-6.2±4.8 vs. 0.2±1.2 kg, P = 0.0006). Within-group analyses showed that none of the arterial stiffness measures changed with RT or RT+CR. There were also no significant between-group differences, though median changes in large artery elasticity were slightly greater with RT+CR: 0.7 (-2.5, 5.1) vs. 0.3 (-2.6, 0.9) ml/mm Hg × 10, P = 0.07. Changes in large artery elasticity were negatively correlated with changes in waist circumference (r = -0.36, P < 0.05), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.38, P = 0.03), and diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.41, P = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of RT and CR, leading to a modest amount of weight loss (7%), tended to increase large artery elasticity more than RT alone. Our data suggest that reductions in waist circumference and blood pressure may promote improvements in elasticity.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT01049698.
背景
动脉僵硬度是血管衰老的一个重要指标，在久坐不动的肥胖老年人中会升高。热量限制（CR）引起的体重减轻可改善该人群的动脉僵硬度；然而，抗阻训练（RT）的效果尚不清楚。这项初步研究确定了有或没有CR的RT对超重和肥胖老年人动脉僵硬度的影响。
方法
参与者（平均年龄=68±3岁，平均体重指数=31.1±2.7kg/m²，56%为女性，13%为黑人）被随机分配到每周3天的有监督的中等强度RT组（n = 16）或RT+CR组（n = 16），为期5个月。测量了三个动脉僵硬度指标：臂踝脉搏波速度、大动脉弹性和小动脉弹性。
结果
与RT组相比，RT+CR组的体重显著降低（-6.2±4.8 vs. 0.2±1.2kg，P = 0.0006）。组内分析表明，RT或RT+CR均未使任何动脉僵硬度指标发生变化。组间也没有显著差异，不过RT+CR组大动脉弹性的中位数变化略大：0.7（-2.5，5.1）vs. 0.3（-2.6，0.9）ml/mm Hg×10，P = 0.07。大动脉弹性的变化与腰围变化（r = -0.36，P < 0.05）、收缩压变化（r = -0.38，P = 0.03）和舒张压变化（r = -0.41，P = 0.02）呈负相关。
结论
RT与CR相结合导致适度体重减轻（7%），比单独进行RT更倾向于增加大动脉弹性。我们的数据表明，腰围和血压的降低可能促进弹性的改善。
临床试验注册
试验编号NCT01049698。
Zotero 插件