自杀及自杀行为。
Suicide and suicidal behaviour.
作者信息
Turecki Gustavo, Brent David A
机构信息
McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
出版信息
Lancet. 2016 Mar 19;387(10024):1227-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00234-2. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
Abstract
Suicide is a complex public health problem of global importance. Suicidal behaviour differs between sexes, age groups, geographic regions, and sociopolitical settings, and variably associates with different risk factors, suggesting aetiological heterogeneity. Although there is no effective algorithm to predict suicide in clinical practice, improved recognition and understanding of clinical, psychological, sociological, and biological factors might help the detection of high-risk individuals and assist in treatment selection. Psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, or neuromodulatory treatments of mental disorders can often prevent suicidal behaviour; additionally, regular follow-up of people who attempt suicide by mental health services is key to prevent future suicidal behaviour.
摘要
自杀是一个具有全球重要性的复杂公共卫生问题。自杀行为在性别、年龄组、地理区域和社会政治环境之间存在差异，并与不同的风险因素有不同程度的关联，这表明病因存在异质性。尽管在临床实践中没有有效的算法来预测自杀，但更好地识别和理解临床、心理、社会和生物学因素可能有助于发现高危个体并协助选择治疗方法。精神障碍的心理治疗、药物治疗或神经调节治疗通常可以预防自杀行为；此外，心理健康服务机构对自杀未遂者进行定期随访是预防未来自杀行为的关键。
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