四个欧洲国家农业家庭的个人紫外线辐射暴露情况。
Personal UVR exposure of farming families in four European countries.
作者信息
Bodekær M, Harrison G I, Philipsen P, Petersen B, Triguero-Mas M, Schmalwieser A W, Rogowski-Tylman M, Dadvand P, Lesiak A, Narbutt J, Eriksen P, Heydenreich J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Thieden E, Young A R, Wulf H C
机构信息
Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
出版信息
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2015 Dec;153:267-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
BACKGROUND
The main risk factor for skin cancer is ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Farming families living in rural areas with easy outdoor access may experience excessive UVR exposure. Differences between countries in latitude, altitude and sun behaviour could result in different personal UVR exposures. However, no studies have examined this until now.
OBJECTIVES
To determine personal UVR exposure in work and leisure situations among farming families in Europe.
METHODS
Prospective cohort study of farmers, their partners (spouses) and children in Denmark (DK), Poland (PL), Austria (AT), and Spain (ES) from 2009 to 2011. Personal UVR exposure and sun behaviour were recorded by dosimetry and diaries.
RESULTS
Farmers' average daily UVR exposure on working days ranged from 1.4 SED (DK, AT) to 2.7 SED (ES). Corresponding figures for partners were: 0.6 SED (DK) to 1.9 SED (PL), and for children (day-care/school days): 0.7 SED (ES) to 1.3 SED (PL).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Farmers' UVR exposure was comparable to that of outdoor workers in previous studies and exceeded the recommended UVR exposure limits on 36% (DK, AT), 29% (PL) and 56% (ES) of their working days. Attention to sun protection for outdoor workers across Europe in preventing UVR-induced skin cancer is still needed.
背景
皮肤癌的主要风险因素是紫外线辐射（UVR）。生活在农村地区、户外活动便利的务农家庭可能会过度暴露于UVR。不同国家在纬度、海拔和日照情况方面的差异可能导致个人UVR暴露情况不同。然而，迄今为止尚无研究对此进行过调查。
目的
确定欧洲务农家庭在工作和休闲情况下的个人UVR暴露情况。
方法
2009年至2011年对丹麦（DK）、波兰（PL）、奥地利（AT）和西班牙（ES）的农民及其伴侣（配偶）和子女进行前瞻性队列研究。通过剂量测定法和日记记录个人UVR暴露情况和日照行为。
结果
工作日农民的平均每日UVR暴露量范围为1.4 SED（丹麦、奥地利）至2.7 SED（西班牙）。伴侣的相应数据为：0.6 SED（丹麦）至1.9 SED（波兰），儿童（日托/上学日）的数据为：0.7 SED（西班牙）至1.3 SED（波兰）。
讨论与结论
农民的UVR暴露情况与先前研究中的户外工作者相当，且在其工作日的36%（丹麦、奥地利）、29%（波兰）和56%（西班牙）超过了建议的UVR暴露限值。在预防UVR诱发的皮肤癌方面，仍需关注欧洲户外工作者的防晒问题。
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