Humphrey Suzanne, Lacharme-Lora Lizeth, Chaloner Gemma, Gibbs Kirsty, Humphrey Tom, Williams Nicola, Wigley Paul
Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, United Kingdom.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2015 Oct 23;10(10):e0141182. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141182. eCollection 2015.
Although Campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in the world and the importance of poultry as a source of infection is well understood we know relatively little about its infection biology in the broiler chicken. Much of what we know about the biology of Campylobacter jejuni is based on infection of inbred or SPF laboratory lines of chickens with a small number of isolates used in most laboratory studies. Recently we have shown that both the host response and microbial ecology of C. jejuni in the broiler chicken varies with both the host-type and significantly between C. jejuni isolates. Here we describe heterogeneity in infection within a panel of C. jejuni isolates in two broiler chicken breeds, human intestinal epithelial cells and the Galleria insect model of virulence. All C. jejuni isolates colonised the chicken caeca, though colonisation of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract varied between isolates. Extra-intestinal spread to the liver varied between isolates and bird breed but a poultry isolate 13126 (sequence type 21) showed the greatest levels of extra-intestinal spread to the liver in both broiler breeds with over 70% of birds of the fast growing breed and 50% of the slower growing breed having C. jejuni in their livers. Crucially 13126 is significantly more invasive than other isolates in human intestinal epithelial cells and gave the highest mortality in the Galleria infection model. Taken together our findings suggest that not only is there considerable heterogeneity in the infection biology of C. jejuni in avian, mammalian and alternative models, but that some isolates have an invasive and virulent phenotype. Isolates with an invasive phenotype would pose a significant risk and increased difficulty in control in chicken production and coupled with the virulent phenotype seen in 13126 could be an increased risk to public health.
尽管弯曲杆菌是全球细菌性食源性肠胃炎的主要病因,且家禽作为感染源的重要性已广为人知,但我们对其在肉鸡中的感染生物学却知之甚少。我们对空肠弯曲杆菌生物学的了解大多基于对近交系或无特定病原体(SPF)实验室品系鸡的感染,大多数实验室研究中使用的分离株数量较少。最近我们发现,空肠弯曲杆菌在肉鸡中的宿主反应和微生物生态不仅因宿主类型而异,而且在空肠弯曲杆菌分离株之间也存在显著差异。在此,我们描述了在两个肉鸡品种、人肠道上皮细胞和大蜡螟毒力昆虫模型中,一组空肠弯曲杆菌分离株感染情况的异质性。所有空肠弯曲杆菌分离株都能定殖于鸡的盲肠,不过不同分离株在胃肠道其他部位的定殖情况有所不同。不同分离株和鸡品种之间,空肠弯曲杆菌向肝脏的肠外传播情况各异,但家禽分离株13126(序列类型21)在两个肉鸡品种中都表现出最高水平的向肝脏的肠外传播,快速生长品种中超过70%的鸡以及生长较慢品种中50%的鸡肝脏中有空肠弯曲杆菌。至关重要的是,13126在人肠道上皮细胞中的侵袭性明显高于其他分离株,并且在大蜡螟感染模型中导致的死亡率最高。综合我们的研究结果表明,不仅空肠弯曲杆菌在禽类、哺乳动物和替代模型中的感染生物学存在相当大的异质性,而且一些分离株具有侵袭性和毒力表型。具有侵袭性表型的分离株在鸡肉生产中会带来重大风险并增加控制难度,再加上13126所呈现的毒力表型,可能会对公众健康构成更大风险。