用于癌症放射治疗的金纳米粒子：作用机制与最新进展。
Gold nanoparticles for applications in cancer radiotherapy: Mechanisms and recent advancements.
机构信息
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada.
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017 Jan 15;109:84-101. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.012. Epub 2015 Dec 19.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as novel radiosensitizers owing to their high X-ray absorption, synthetic versatility, and unique chemical, electronic and optical properties. Multi-disciplinary research performed over the past decade has demonstrated the potential of AuNP-based radiosensitizers, and identified possible mechanisms underlying the observed radiation enhancement effects of AuNPs. Despite promising findings from pre-clinical studies, the benefits of AuNP radiosensitization have yet to successfully translate into clinical practice. In this review, we present an overview of the current state of AuNP-based radiosensitization in the context of the physical, chemical and biological modes of radiosensitization. As well, recent advancements that focus on formulation design and enable multi-modality treatment and clinical utilization are discussed, concluding with design considerations to guide the development of next generation AuNPs for clinical applications.
金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）由于其高 X 射线吸收率、合成的多功能性以及独特的化学、电子和光学特性，已成为新型放射增敏剂。过去十年的多学科研究已经证明了基于 AuNP 的放射增敏剂的潜力，并确定了观察到的 AuNPs 增强辐射效应的可能机制。尽管临床前研究有了有希望的发现，但 AuNP 放射增敏的益处尚未成功转化为临床实践。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了基于 AuNP 的放射增敏在物理、化学和生物学放射增敏模式下的现状。此外，还讨论了最近集中在配方设计上的进展，这些进展使多模态治疗和临床应用成为可能，并以设计注意事项作为结论，以指导下一代 AuNP 用于临床应用的开发。
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