Mandrycky Christian, Wang Zongjie, Kim Keekyoung, Kim Deok-Ho
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
Biotechnol Adv. 2016 Jul-Aug;34(4):422-434. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.011. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
Bioprinting is a 3D fabrication technology used to precisely dispense cell-laden biomaterials for the construction of complex 3D functional living tissues or artificial organs. While still in its early stages, bioprinting strategies have demonstrated their potential use in regenerative medicine to generate a variety of transplantable tissues, including skin, cartilage, and bone. However, current bioprinting approaches still have technical challenges in terms of high-resolution cell deposition, controlled cell distributions, vascularization, and innervation within complex 3D tissues. While no one-size-fits-all approach to bioprinting has emerged, it remains an on-demand, versatile fabrication technique that may address the growing organ shortage as well as provide a high-throughput method for cell patterning at the micrometer scale for broad biomedical engineering applications. In this review, we introduce the basic principles, materials, integration strategies and applications of bioprinting. We also discuss the recent developments, current challenges and future prospects of 3D bioprinting for engineering complex tissues. Combined with recent advances in human pluripotent stem cell technologies, 3D-bioprinted tissue models could serve as an enabling platform for high-throughput predictive drug screening and more effective regenerative therapies.
生物打印是一种3D制造技术，用于精确地分配载有细胞的生物材料，以构建复杂的3D功能性活组织或人造器官。虽然仍处于早期阶段，但生物打印策略已在再生医学中显示出其潜在用途，可生成包括皮肤、软骨和骨骼在内的多种可移植组织。然而，当前的生物打印方法在高分辨率细胞沉积、可控的细胞分布、血管化以及复杂3D组织内的神经支配方面仍存在技术挑战。虽然尚未出现一种适用于所有情况的生物打印方法，但它仍然是一种按需定制、多功能的制造技术，可能解决日益严重的器官短缺问题，并为微米级别的细胞图案化提供一种高通量方法，用于广泛的生物医学工程应用。在本综述中，我们介绍了生物打印的基本原理、材料、整合策略和应用，并讨论了用于构建复杂组织的3D生物打印的最新进展、当前挑战和未来前景。结合人类多能干细胞技术的最新进展，3D生物打印的组织模型可作为高通量预测性药物筛选和更有效再生疗法的一个支撑平台。
