Kirpich Irina A, Miller Matthew E, Cave Matthew C, Joshi-Barve Swati, McClain Craig J
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Biomolecules. 2016 Jan 6;6(1):1. doi: 10.3390/biom6010001.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) spans a spectrum of liver pathology, including fatty liver, alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary factors, including dietary fat, as well as alcohol, play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ALD. The protective effects of dietary saturated fat (SF) and deleterious effects of dietary unsaturated fat (USF) on alcohol-induced liver pathology are well recognized and documented in experimental animal models of ALD. Moreover, it has been demonstrated in an epidemiological study of alcoholic cirrhosis that dietary intake of SF was associated with a lower mortality rates, whereas dietary intake of USF was associated with a higher mortality. In addition, oxidized lipids (dietary and in vivo generated) may play a role in liver pathology. The understanding of how dietary fat contributes to the ALD pathogenesis will enhance our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of ALD development and progression, and may result in the development of novel diet-based therapeutic strategies for ALD management. This review explores the relevant scientific literature and provides a current understanding of recent advances regarding the role of dietary lipids in ALD pathogenesis.
酒精性肝病（ALD）涵盖一系列肝脏病理状态，包括脂肪肝、酒精性脂肪性肝炎和肝硬化。越来越多的证据表明，饮食因素，包括膳食脂肪以及酒精，在ALD的发病机制中起着关键作用。膳食饱和脂肪（SF）的保护作用和膳食不饱和脂肪（USF）对酒精性肝病理的有害作用在ALD的实验动物模型中已得到充分认识和记录。此外，在一项酒精性肝硬化的流行病学研究中已证明，SF的膳食摄入量与较低的死亡率相关，而USF的膳食摄入量与较高的死亡率相关。此外，氧化脂质（膳食来源和体内生成的）可能在肝脏病理中起作用。了解膳食脂肪如何促成ALD的发病机制将增进我们对ALD发生和发展分子机制的认识，并可能导致开发基于饮食的新型ALD治疗策略。本综述探讨了相关科学文献，并提供了关于膳食脂质在ALD发病机制中作用的最新进展的当前理解。
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