Demirci H, Polat Z, Uygun A, Kadayifci A, Sager O, Oztutk K, Sahiner F, Caliskan B, Karslioglu Y, Ozler M, Ozel M, Ergun H, Ozturk O, Beyzadeoglu M, Bagci S
Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2016 Mar;79(1):8-13.
External radiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of malignancies. However, the lower gastrointestinal tract is sensitive to the ionizing radiation. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HOT) has been suggested as a viable treatment for refractory radiation colitis, but the effect of S-Methylisothiourea (SMT) in the radiation colitis have not reported. To investigate the effect of SMT, HOT and the combination of both in an acute radiation-induced enterocolitis model.
Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups. A single dose of gamma irradiation (25 Gy) was administered through the colorectal region to anesthetized rats. In the control group, we applied 2 ml of saline solution intraperitoneally for five days. In the HOT group, 100-per-cent oxygen at 2.5 atm pressure was applied for five days. In the SMT group, 10 mg/kg/day of SMT was applied intraperitoneally for five days. In the HOT+SMT group, HOT and SMT were both applied in the same dosages as in the preceding two groups. At the end of five days, the rats were sacrificed and colon samples were collected for histological grading. Blood samples were collected to test for : tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA.
The TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 and TGF-β levels were reduced by SMT, HOT and HOT+SMT applications (p < 0.05). However ICAM-1 mRNA levels were not significantly lower (p:0.19). The microscopic scores differed significantly between the SMT, HOT and HOT+SMT groups and the control group. There was significant improvement histologically, especially in the HOT+SMT group. When we compared the weight of the rats before and after the study, weight loss was significantly lower in the SMT, HOT and HOT+SMT groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05).
HOT and SMT together were significantly more effective in preventing weight loss and in reducing inflammation and the severity of colitis histology when compared with HOT and SMT separately.
外照射放疗是多种恶性肿瘤的主要治疗方式之一。然而，下消化道对电离辐射敏感。高压氧治疗（HOT）已被认为是难治性放射性结肠炎的一种可行治疗方法，但S-甲基异硫脲（SMT）在放射性结肠炎中的作用尚未见报道。本研究旨在探讨SMT、HOT以及两者联合应用对急性放射性肠炎模型的影响。
将60只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为五组，每组12只。对麻醉后的大鼠通过结直肠区域给予单次剂量的γ射线照射（25 Gy）。对照组大鼠腹腔注射2 ml生理盐水，连续5天。HOT组大鼠在2.5个大气压下给予100%氧气，连续5天。SMT组大鼠腹腔注射10 mg/kg/天的SMT，连续5天。HOT+SMT组大鼠同时给予与前两组相同剂量的HOT和SMT。5天后，处死大鼠，收集结肠样本进行组织学分级。采集血液样本检测肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、IL-1β、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）mRNA水平。
应用SMT、HOT及HOT+SMT后，TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10和TGF-β水平均降低（p<0.05）。然而，ICAM-1 mRNA水平无显著降低（p=0.19）。SMT组、HOT组和HOT+SMT组与对照组之间的显微镜评分差异显著。组织学上有显著改善，尤其是HOT+SMT组。比较研究前后大鼠体重，SMT组、HOT组和HOT+SMT组的体重减轻明显低于对照组（p<0.05）。
与单独使用HOT和SMT相比，HOT和SMT联合应用在预防体重减轻、减轻炎症和降低结肠炎组织学严重程度方面显著更有效。
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