伊朗女性专用药物治疗服务与需求：当前文献的首次综述
Women-only drug treatment services and needs in Iran: the first review of current literature.
作者信息
Alam-mehrjerdi Zahra, Daneshmand Reza, Samiei Mercedeh, Samadi Roya, Abdollahi Mohammad, Dolan Kate
机构信息
Program of International Research and Training, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Public Health and Community Medicine,, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Daru. 2016 Feb 18;24:3. doi: 10.1186/s40199-016-0141-1.
BACKGROUND
Iran (Persia) has a women-only drug treatment system. However, literature is not documented. The current study aimed to review the development of women-only drug treatment and harm reduction services (WODTHRS) and the factors associated with treatment entry and outcomes in Iran. The review was based on a comprehensive search for all literature focusing on WODTHRS in Iran.
METHODS
Data were collected by conducting systematic searching of scientific English and Persian databases and grey literature. This was done in line with Cochrane Guideline for conducting systematic reviews. Overall, 19,929 studies were found. But, only 19 original studies were included after excluding non-relevant studies.
RESULTS
The review findings indicate how WODTHRS have been developed in the past 15 years. The review findings underscore the roles of numerous factors in treatment entry such as the side effects of illicit drug use. In addition, cognitive-behavioral interventions, methadone treatment and some factors outside drug treatment such as family support increase positive treatment outcomes among women. In contrast, financial problems as well as other factors such as insufficient medical, psychiatric and social work services hamper treatment entry and positive treatment outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The review results highlight that eliminating barriers to treatment entry and positive treatment outcomes should be addressed. Conducting randomized controlled trials is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of WODTHRS. This issue should address the factors influencing service utilization to incorporate the best practice for women. The evaluation of the long-term efficacy of WODTHRS is a critical research gap which should be addressed in future studies.
背景
伊朗（波斯）拥有一个专为女性设立的戒毒治疗体系。然而，尚无相关文献记载。本研究旨在回顾伊朗专为女性提供的戒毒治疗及减少伤害服务（WODTHRS）的发展情况，以及与治疗参与和治疗效果相关的因素。该综述基于对所有聚焦伊朗WODTHRS的文献进行全面检索。
方法
通过系统检索科学英文和波斯语数据库以及灰色文献来收集数据。这是按照Cochrane系统评价指南进行的。总共找到了19929项研究。但是，在排除不相关研究后，仅纳入了19项原始研究。
结果
综述结果表明了WODTHRS在过去15年中的发展情况。综述结果强调了许多因素在治疗参与中的作用，例如非法药物使用的副作用。此外，认知行为干预、美沙酮治疗以及一些戒毒治疗之外的因素，如家庭支持，可提高女性的积极治疗效果。相比之下，经济问题以及其他因素，如医疗、精神科和社会工作服务不足，会阻碍治疗参与和积极治疗效果。
结论
综述结果突出表明，应消除治疗参与和积极治疗效果的障碍。需要进行随机对照试验来评估WODTHRS的有效性。这个问题应解决影响服务利用的因素，以纳入针对女性的最佳实践。WODTHRS长期疗效的评估是一个关键的研究空白，应在未来研究中加以解决。
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