Höflich Conny, Balakirski Galina, Hajdu Zuzanna, Baron Jens Malte, Kaiser Lorraine, Czaja Katharina, Merk Hans F, Gerdsen Sarah, Strassen Ulrich, Bas Murat, Bier Henning, Dott Wolfgang, Mücke Hans-Guido, Straff Wolfgang, Chaker Adam, Röseler Stefani
Federal Environment Agency, Section II 1.5 Environmental Medicine and Health Effects Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016 May;219(3):252-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
Global climate changes may influence the geographical spread of allergenic plants thus causing new allergen challenges.
Allergy patients from two German federal states were compared for their status quo sensitization to ragweed, an establishing allergen, olive, a non-established allergen, and the native allergens birch, mugwort, and ash.
Between 2011 and 2013, 476 adult allergy patients per region were recruited. Patients completed a questionnaire, participated in a medical interview, and underwent skin prick testing and blood withdrawal for analysis of specific IgE to allergen components (ISAC technology). Data on regional pollen load from 2006 to 2011 were acquired from the German Pollen Information Service Foundation.
Prick test reactivity to ragweed and ash, respectively, was lower in Bavaria than in NRW (ragweed: p=0.001, aOR=0.54; ash: p=0.001, aOR=0.59), whereas prick test reactivity to olive was higher (p=0.000, aOR=3.09). Prick test reactivity to birch and mugwort, respectively, did not significantly differ. 1% (1/127) of patients with prick test reactivity to ragweed showed sIgE to Amb a 1, and 65% (86/132) of olive-but-not-ash reactive patients showed sIgE to Ole e 1 (NRW: 67%, Bavaria: 65%; p=0.823, OR=0.91). Regional differences in sensitization pattern were neither explainable by cross-reactivity to pollen pan-allergens nor non-exposure variables nor by reported plant population or pollen data.
Spread of ragweed and particularly olive may result in prompt occurrence of allergic symptoms. Early identification of invasive allergens due to climate change does need time and spatial close meshed measurement of respective indicator allergens and sensitization pattern.
全球气候变化可能影响致敏植物的地理分布，从而引发新的过敏原挑战。
比较德国两个联邦州的过敏患者对豚草（一种正在传播的过敏原）、橄榄（一种尚未广泛传播的过敏原）以及本地过敏原桦树、艾蒿和白蜡树的致敏现状。
2011年至2013年期间，每个地区招募了476名成年过敏患者。患者填写问卷，接受医学访谈，并进行皮肤点刺试验和采血，以分析针对过敏原成分的特异性IgE（ISAC技术）。2006年至2011年的区域花粉负荷数据来自德国花粉信息服务基金会。
巴伐利亚州对豚草和白蜡树的点刺试验反应性分别低于北莱茵 - 威斯特法伦州（豚草：p = 0.001，调整后比值比[aOR]=0.54；白蜡树：p = 0.001，aOR = 0.59），而对橄榄的点刺试验反应性更高（p = 0.000，aOR = 3.09）。对桦树和艾蒿的点刺试验反应性分别无显著差异。对豚草点刺试验呈反应性的患者中有1%（1/127）显示对Amb a 1有特异性IgE，而对橄榄有反应但对白蜡树无反应的患者中有65%（86/132）显示对Ole e 1有特异性IgE（北莱茵 - 威斯特法伦州：67%，巴伐利亚州：65%；p = 0.823，比值比[OR]=0.91）。致敏模式的区域差异既不能通过对花粉泛过敏原的交叉反应、非暴露变量来解释，也不能通过报告的植物种群或花粉数据来解释。
豚草尤其是橄榄的传播可能导致过敏症状迅速出现。由于气候变化导致的侵入性过敏原的早期识别确实需要对相应指示性过敏原和致敏模式进行时间和空间上的紧密网格化测量。
