Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2016;1:15001-. doi: 10.1038/sigtrans.2015.1. Epub 2016 Jan 28.
Aberrant angiogenesis is implicated in diseases affecting nearly 10% of the world's population. The most widely used anti-angiogenic drug is bevacizumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets human VEGFA. Although bevacizumab does not recognize mouse Vegfa, it inhibits angiogenesis in mice. Here we show bevacizumab suppressed angiogenesis in three mouse models not via Vegfa blockade but rather Fc-mediated signaling through FcγRI (CD64) and c-Cbl, impairing macrophage migration. Other approved humanized or human IgG1 antibodies without mouse targets (adalimumab, alemtuzumab, ofatumumab, omalizumab, palivizumab and tocilizumab), mouse IgG2a, and overexpression of human IgG1-Fc or mouse IgG2a-Fc, also inhibited angiogenesis in wild-type and FcγR humanized mice. This anti-angiogenic effect was abolished by Fcgr1 ablation or knockdown, Fc cleavage, IgG-Fc inhibition, disruption of Fc-FcγR interaction, or elimination of FcRγ-initated signaling. Furthermore, bevacizumab's Fc region potentiated its anti-angiogenic activity in humanized VEGFA mice. Finally, mice deficient in FcγRI exhibited increased developmental and pathological angiogenesis. These findings reveal an unexpected anti-angiogenic function for FcγRI and a potentially concerning off-target effect of hIgG1 therapies.
异常血管生成与影响全球近 10%人口的疾病有关。应用最广泛的抗血管生成药物是贝伐珠单抗,一种靶向人 VEGFA 的人源化 IgG1 单克隆抗体。尽管贝伐珠单抗不能识别鼠 Vegfa,但它可以抑制小鼠的血管生成。在这里,我们展示了贝伐珠单抗通过 Fc 介导的信号通路(通过 FcγRI(CD64)和 c-Cbl)抑制三种小鼠模型中的血管生成,而不是通过 Vegfa 阻断,从而抑制巨噬细胞迁移。其他已批准的人源化或人源 IgG1 抗体(阿达木单抗、阿仑单抗、奥法木单抗、奥马珠单抗、帕利珠单抗和托珠单抗)、鼠 IgG2a 以及人 IgG1-Fc 或鼠 IgG2a-Fc 的过表达,也抑制了野生型和 FcγR 人源化小鼠的血管生成。这种抗血管生成作用被 Fcgr1 缺失或敲低、Fc 切割、IgG-Fc 抑制、Fc-FcγR 相互作用破坏或消除 FcRγ 引发的信号所阻断。此外,贝伐珠单抗的 Fc 区增强了其在人源化 VEGFA 小鼠中的抗血管生成活性。最后,FcγRI 缺陷的小鼠表现出发育和病理性血管生成增加。这些发现揭示了 FcγRI 的一种意想不到的抗血管生成功能,以及 hIgG1 治疗的潜在令人担忧的脱靶效应。