Pavone Vito, Testa Gianluca, Restivo Domenico A, Cannavò Luca, Condorelli Giuseppe, Portinaro Nicola M, Sessa Giuseppe
Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialità Medico-chirurgiche, Sez. Ortopedia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele Catania, Italy.
Neurologic Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Nuovo "Garibaldi" Hospital Catania, Italy.
Front Pharmacol. 2016 Feb 19;7:29. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00029. eCollection 2016.
CP is the most common cause of chronic disability in childhood occurring in 2-2.5/1000 births. It is a severe disorder and a significant number of patients present cognitive delay and difficulty in walking. The use of botulinum toxin (BTX) has become a popular treatment for CP especially for spastic and dystonic muscles while avoiding deformity and pain. Moreover, the combination of physiotherapy, casting, orthotics and injection of BTX may delay or decrease the need for surgical intervention while reserving single-event, multi-level surgery for fixed musculotendinous contractures and bony deformities in older children. This report highlights the utility of BTX in the treatment of cerebral palsy in children. We include techniques for administration, side effects, and possible resistance as well as specific use in the upper and lower limbs muscles.
脑性瘫痪是儿童慢性残疾的最常见原因,发生率为每1000例出生中有2至2.5例。它是一种严重的疾病,许多患者存在认知延迟和行走困难。肉毒杆菌毒素(BTX)的使用已成为治疗脑性瘫痪的常用方法,特别是对于痉挛性和张力障碍性肌肉,同时可避免畸形和疼痛。此外,物理治疗、石膏固定、矫形器和BTX注射相结合,可能会延迟或减少手术干预的需求,同时为大龄儿童的固定肌腱挛缩和骨骼畸形保留单事件、多层次手术。本报告强调了BTX在治疗儿童脑性瘫痪中的效用。我们介绍了给药技术、副作用、可能的耐药性以及在上肢和下肢肌肉中的具体应用。