巴西主要慢性病的监测与监控——2013年全国健康调查
Surveillance and monitoring of major chronic diseases in Brazil - National Health Survey, 2013.
作者信息
Malta Deborah Carvalho, Stopa Sheila Rizzato, Szwarcwald Celia Landmann, Gomes Nayara Lopes, Silva Júnior Jarbas Barbosa, Dos Reis Ademar Arthur Chioro
机构信息
Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2015 Dec;18 Suppl 2:3-16. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201500060002.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, according to the information collected from individuals aged 18 years or older.
METHODS
Data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013, a transversal population-based study, were used. The proportions of each NCD were calculated and presented according to sex, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), with the absolute values.
RESULTS
Of the total respondents, 45.1% reported presenting at least one NCD. The region with the highest prevalence of NCDs was the South (52.1%). Hypertension showed the highest prevalence among NCDs, with 21.4%, followed by chronic back problem (18.5%), depression (7.6%), arthritis (6.4%), and diabetes (6.2%). The intense/very intense degree of limitation showed a higher prevalence of other mental illnesses (37.6%) and cerebrovascular accident (25.5%).
CONCLUSION
The improvement of health services is essential for an effective response to the double burden of illness in the middle- and low-income countries.
目的
根据对18岁及以上人群收集的信息，描述巴西主要的非传染性疾病（NCDs）。
方法
使用了2013年全国健康调查（PNS）的数据，这是一项基于人群的横断面研究。计算每种非传染性疾病的比例，并按性别呈现，同时给出95%置信区间（95%CI）及绝对值。
结果
在所有受访者中，45.1%报告患有至少一种非传染性疾病。非传染性疾病患病率最高的地区是南部（52.1%）。高血压在非传染性疾病中患病率最高，为21.4%，其次是慢性背部问题（18.5%）、抑郁症（7.6%）、关节炎（6.4%）和糖尿病（6.2%）。在严重/非常严重的功能受限程度方面，其他精神疾病（37.6%）和脑血管意外（25.5%）的患病率更高。
结论
改善卫生服务对于有效应对中低收入国家的疾病双重负担至关重要。
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