当前膳食参考摄入量中对男性、女性和青少年锌的吸收分数估计过高。

Fractional Zinc Absorption for Men, Women, and Adolescents Is Overestimated in the Current Dietary Reference Intakes.

作者信息

Armah Seth M

机构信息

Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

出版信息

J Nutr. 2016 Jun;146(6):1276-80. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.225607. Epub 2016 May 4.

DOI:10.3945/jn.115.225607

PMID:27146920

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The fractional zinc absorption values used in the current Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for zinc were based on data from published studies. However, the inhibitory effect of phytate was underestimated because of the low phytate content of the diets in the studies used.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to estimate the fractional absorption of dietary zinc from the US diet by using 2 published algorithms.

METHODS

Nutrient intake data were obtained from the NHANES 2009-2010 and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database. Data were analyzed with the use of R software by taking into account the complex survey design. The International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG; Brown et al. Food Nutr Bull 2004;25:S99-203) and Miller et al. (Br J Nutr 2013;109:695-700) models were used to estimate zinc absorption.

RESULTS

Geometric means (95% CIs) of zinc absorption for all subjects were 30.1% (29.9%, 30.2%) or 31.3% (30.9%, 31.6%) with the use of the IZiNCG model and Miller et al. model, respectively. For men, women, and adolescents, absorption values obtained in this study with the use of the 2 models were 27.2%, 31.4%, and 30.1%, respectively, for the IZiNCG model and 28.0%, 33.0%, and 31.6%, respectively, for the Miller et al. model, compared with the 41%, 48%, and 40%, respectively, used in the current DRIs. For preadolescents, estimated absorption values (31.1% and 32.8% for the IZiNCG model and Miller et al. model, respectively) compare well with the conservative estimate of 30% used in the DRIs. When the new estimates of zinc absorption were applied to the current DRI values for men and women, the results suggest that the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and RDA for these groups need to be increased by nearly one-half of the current values in order to meet their requirements for absorbed zinc.

CONCLUSIONS

These data suggest that zinc absorption is overestimated for men, women, and adolescents in the current DRI. Upward adjustments of the DRI for these groups are recommended.

摘要

背景

当前锌的膳食参考摄入量（DRIs）中所使用的锌吸收分数值是基于已发表研究的数据。然而，由于所用研究中膳食植酸含量较低，植酸的抑制作用被低估了。

目的

本研究的目的是使用两种已发表的算法来估算美国饮食中膳食锌的吸收分数。

方法

营养摄入数据来自2009 - 2010年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）以及相应的食物模式等效数据库。考虑到复杂的调查设计，使用R软件对数据进行分析。采用国际锌营养咨询小组（IZiNCG；Brown等人，《食品与营养通报》2004年；25：S99 - 203）和Miller等人（《英国营养学杂志》2013年；109：695 - 700）的模型来估算锌吸收情况。

结果

使用IZiNCG模型和Miller等人的模型时，所有受试者锌吸收的几何均值（95%置信区间）分别为30.1%（29.9%，30.2%）和31.3%（30.9%，31.6%）。对于男性、女性和青少年，本研究中使用这两种模型获得的吸收值，IZiNCG模型分别为27.2%、31.4%和30.1%，Miller等人的模型分别为28.0%、33.0%和31.6%，而当前DRIs中分别使用的是41%、48%和40%。对于青春期前儿童，估算的吸收值（IZiNCG模型和Miller等人的模型分别为31.1%和32.8%）与DRIs中使用的30%的保守估计值比较相符。当将新的锌吸收估算值应用于当前男性和女性的DRI值时，结果表明这些群体的估计平均需求量（EAR）和推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）需要增加当前值的近一半，以满足他们对吸收锌的需求。