Goodridge Helen S, Ahmed S Sohail, Curtis Nigel, Kollmann Tobias R, Levy Ofer, Netea Mihai G, Pollard Andrew J, van Crevel Reinout, Wilson Christopher B
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
Immunology, Inflammation, and Infectious Diseases (Disease and Therapeutic Area), Roche Pharma Research &Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 Jun;16(6):392-400. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.43. Epub 2016 May 9.
Clinical evidence strongly suggests that certain live vaccines, in particular bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and measles vaccines, can reduce all-cause mortality, most probably through protection against non-targeted pathogens in addition to the targeted pathogen. The underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. We discuss how heterologous lymphocyte activation and innate immune memory could promote protection beyond the intended target pathogen and consider how vaccinologists could leverage heterologous immunity to improve outcomes in vulnerable populations, in particular the very young and the elderly.
临床证据有力地表明,某些活疫苗,特别是卡介苗(BCG)和麻疹疫苗,可以降低全因死亡率,很可能是通过除了针对目标病原体之外,还能预防非目标病原体。其潜在机制目前尚不清楚。我们讨论了异源淋巴细胞激活和先天免疫记忆如何能够促进超出预期目标病原体的保护作用,并思考疫苗学家如何利用异源免疫来改善弱势群体,特别是幼儿和老年人的疫苗接种效果。