Levers Kyle, Dalton Ryan, Galvan Elfego, O'Connor Abigail, Goodenough Chelsea, Simbo Sunday, Mertens-Talcott Susanne U, Rasmussen Christopher, Greenwood Mike, Riechman Steven, Crouse Stephen, Kreider Richard B
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243 USA.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Institute for Obesity Research and Program Evaluation, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243 USA.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016 May 26;13:22. doi: 10.1186/s12970-016-0133-z. eCollection 2016.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether short-term supplementation of a powdered tart cherry supplement prior to and following stressful endurance exercise would affect markers of muscle damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and/or muscle soreness.
27 endurance-trained runners or triathlete (21.8 ± 3.9 years, 15.0 ± 6.0 % body fat, 67.4 ± 11.8 kg) men (n = 18) and women (n = 9) were matched based on average reported race pace, age, body mass, and fat free mass. Subjects were randomly assigned to ingest, in a double-blind manner, capsules containing 480 mg of a rice flour placebo (P, n = 16) or powdered tart cherries [CherryPURE®] (TC, n = 11). Subjects supplemented one time daily (480 mg/day) for 10-d, including race day, up to 48-hr post-run. Subjects completed a half-marathon run (21.1 km) under 2-hr (111.98 ± 11.9 min). Fasting blood samples and quadriceps muscle soreness ratings using an algometer with a graphic pain rating scale were taken pre-run, 60-min, 24 and 48-h post-run and analyzed by MANOVA with repeated measures.
Subjects in the TC group averaged 13 % faster half-marathon race finish times (p = 0.001) and tended to have smaller deviations from predicted race pace (p = 0.091) compared to P. Attenuations in TC muscle catabolic markers were reported over time for creatinine (p = 0.047), urea/blood urea nitrogen (p = 0.048), total protein (p = 0.081), and cortisol (p = 0.016) compared to P. Despite lower antioxidant activity pre-run in TC compared to P, changes from pre-run levels revealed a linear increase in antioxidant activity at 24 and 48-h of recovery in TC that was statistically different (16-39 %) from P and pre-run levels. Inflammatory markers were 47 % lower in TC compared to P over time (p = 0.053) coupled with a significant difference between groups (p = 0.017). Soreness perception between the groups was different over time in the medial quadriceps (p = 0.035) with 34 % lower pre-run soreness in TC compared to P. Over the 48-h recovery period, P changes in medial quadriceps soreness from pre-run measures were smaller compared to TC.
Results revealed that short-term supplementation of Montmorency powdered tart cherries surrounding an endurance challenge attenuated markers of muscle catabolism, reduced immune and inflammatory stress, better maintained redox balance, and increased performance in aerobically trained individuals.
本研究的目的是确定在耐力运动应激前后短期补充酸樱桃粉补充剂是否会影响肌肉损伤、炎症、氧化应激和/或肌肉酸痛的指标。
27名耐力训练的跑步者或三项全能运动员（21.8±3.9岁，体脂15.0±6.0%，体重67.4±11.8千克），男性（n = 18）和女性（n = 9），根据平均报告的比赛配速、年龄、体重和去脂体重进行匹配。受试者以双盲方式随机分配，摄入含有480毫克米粉安慰剂（P，n = 16）或酸樱桃粉[CherryPURE®]（TC，n = 11）的胶囊。受试者每天补充一次（480毫克/天），持续10天，包括比赛日，直至跑步后48小时。受试者在2小时内（111.98±11.9分钟）完成了半程马拉松（21.1公里）。在跑步前、跑步后60分钟、24小时和48小时采集空腹血样，并使用带有图形疼痛评分量表的痛觉计对股四头肌酸痛程度进行评分，然后通过重复测量的多变量方差分析进行分析。
与P组相比，TC组受试者的半程马拉松比赛平均完赛时间快13%（p = 0.001），并且与预测比赛配速的偏差往往更小（p = 0.091）。与P组相比，随着时间的推移，TC组肌肉分解代谢指标中肌酐（p = 0.047）、尿素/血尿素氮（p = 0.048）、总蛋白（p = 0.081）和皮质醇（p = 0.016）有所下降。尽管与P组相比，TC组在跑步前的抗氧化活性较低，但与跑步前水平相比，TC组在恢复24小时和48小时时抗氧化活性呈线性增加，与P组和跑步前水平相比有统计学差异（16 - 39%）。随着时间的推移，TC组的炎症指标比P组低47%（p = 0.053），且两组之间存在显著差异（p = 0.017）。两组之间股内侧肌的酸痛感觉随时间不同（p = 0.035），与P组相比，TC组在跑步前的酸痛程度低34%。在48小时的恢复期内，与TC组相比，P组股内侧肌酸痛从跑步前测量值的变化较小。
结果表明，在耐力挑战前后短期补充蒙特莫伦西酸樱桃粉可减轻肌肉分解代谢指标，降低免疫和炎症应激，更好地维持氧化还原平衡，并提高有氧训练个体的运动表现。
