探索非专业救援者如何克服障碍以实施心肺复苏：一项定性研究。

Exploring How Lay Rescuers Overcome Barriers to Provide Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Qualitative Study.

作者信息

Mathiesen Wenche Torunn, Bjørshol Conrad Arnfinn, Høyland Sindre, Braut Geir Sverre, Søreide Eldar

机构信息

1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care,Stavanger University Hospital,Stavanger,Norway.

4University of Stavanger,Stavanger,Norway.

出版信息

Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017 Feb;32(1):27-32. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X16001278. Epub 2016 Dec 14.

DOI:10.1017/S1049023X16001278

PMID:27964771

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary considerably among regions. The chance of survival is increased significantly by lay rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival. It is well known that for bystanders, reasons for not providing CPR when witnessing an OHCA incident may be fear and the feeling of being exposed to risk. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of why barriers to providing CPR are overcome.

METHODS

Using a semi-structured interview guide, 10 lay rescuers were interviewed after participating in eight OHCA incidents. Qualitative content analysis was used. The lay rescuers were questioned about their CPR-knowledge, expectations, and reactions to the EMS and from others involved in the OHCA incident. They also were questioned about attitudes towards providing CPR in an OHCA incident in different contexts.

RESULTS

The lay rescuers reported that they were prepared to provide CPR to anybody, anywhere. Comprehending the severity in the OHCA incident, both trained and untrained lay rescuers provided CPR. They considered CPR provision to be the expected behavior of any community citizen and the EMS to act professionally and urgently. However, when asked to imagine an OHCA in an unclear setting, they revealed hesitation about providing CPR because of risk to their own safety.

CONCLUSION

Mutual trust between community citizens and towards social institutions may be reasons for overcoming barriers in providing CPR by lay rescuers. A normative obligation to act, regardless of CPR training and, importantly, without facing any adverse legal reactions, also seems to be an important factor behind CPR provision. Mathiesen WT , Bjørshol CA , Høyland S , Braut GS , Søreide E . Exploring how lay rescuers overcome barriers to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a qualitative study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):27-32.

摘要

背景

院外心脏骤停（OHCA）后的生存率在不同地区差异很大。在紧急医疗服务（EMS）到达之前，现场救援者进行心肺复苏（CPR）可显著提高生存几率。众所周知，对于旁观者而言，目睹OHCA事件时不进行CPR的原因可能是恐惧以及感觉面临风险。本研究的目的是更好地理解为何提供CPR的障碍能被克服。

方法

使用半结构化访谈指南，在10名现场救援者参与8起OHCA事件后对他们进行了访谈。采用定性内容分析法。询问现场救援者关于他们的CPR知识、期望以及对EMS和OHCA事件中其他相关人员的反应。还询问了他们在不同情境下对OHCA事件中进行CPR的态度。

结果

现场救援者报告称他们准备好在任何地点为任何人进行CPR。意识到OHCA事件的严重性后，无论是经过培训的还是未经培训的现场救援者都进行了CPR。他们认为进行CPR是任何社区公民应有的行为，并且EMS应专业且迅速地行动。然而，当被要求设想在一个情况不明的场景中发生OHCA时，他们因自身安全风险而对进行CPR表现出犹豫。

结论

社区公民之间以及对社会机构的相互信任可能是现场救援者克服提供CPR障碍的原因。无论是否接受过CPR培训，且重要的是在不面临任何不利法律反应的情况下采取行动的规范性义务，似乎也是进行CPR背后的一个重要因素。马蒂森WT、比约尔绍尔CA、霍伊兰S、布劳特GS、瑟雷德E。探索现场救援者如何克服提供心肺复苏的障碍：一项定性研究。院前灾难医学。2017；32(1):27 - 32。