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巴西儿童使用药物及其他产品用于治疗目的的情况。

Use of medicines and other products for therapeutic purposes among children in Brazil.

作者信息

Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal, Tavares Noemia Urruth Leão, Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso, Farias Mareni Rocha, Arrais Paulo Sergio Dourado, Ramos Luiz Roberto, Oliveira Maria Auxiliadora, Luiza Vera Lucia, Mengue Sotero Serrate

机构信息

Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos. Faculdade de Farmácia. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Departamento de Farmácia. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde. Universidade de Brasília. Brasília, DF, Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Saude Publica. 2016 Dec;50(suppl 2):12s. doi: 10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006115.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence of the use of medicines and other products for therapeutic purposes in the Brazilian pediatric population and test whether demographic, socioeconomic and health factors are associated with use.

METHODS

A cross-sectional population-based study (National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - PNAUM), including 7,528 children aged 12 or younger, living in urban areas in Brazil. Medicine use to treat chronic or acute diseases was reported by the primary caregiver present at the household interview. Associations between independent variables and medicine use were investigated by Poisson regression.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of medicine use was 30.7% (95%CI 28.3-33.1). The prevalence of medicine use for chronic diseases was 5.6% (95%CI 4.7-6.7) and for acute conditions, 27.1% (95%CI 24.8-29.4). The factors significantly associated with overall use were five years old or under, living in the Northeast region, having health insurance and using health services in the last 12 months (emergency visits and hospitalizations). The following were associated with drug use for chronic diseases: age ≥ 2 years, Southeast and South regions, and use of health services. For drug use in treating acute conditions, the following associated factors were identified: ≤ 5 years, North, Northeast or Midwest regions, health insurance, and one or more emergency visits. The most commonly used drugs among children under two years of age were paracetamol, ascorbic acid, and dipyrone; for children aged two years or over they were dipyrone, paracetamol, and amoxicillin.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of medicine by children is considerable, especially in treating acute medical conditions. Children using drugs for chronic diseases have a different demographic profile from those using drugs for acute conditions in relation to gender, age, and geographic region.

OBJETIVO

Estimar a prevalência de uso de medicamentos e outros produtos com finalidade terapêutica na população pediátrica brasileira e testar se fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e médicos estão associados ao uso.

MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional (Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos - PNAUM), incluindo 7.528 crianças com 12 anos ou menos de idade, residentes na zona urbana do território brasileiro. O uso de medicamentos para tratar doenças crônicas ou agudas foi referido pelo principal cuidador da criança presente na entrevista domiciliar. Associações entre as variáveis independentes e o uso de medicamentos foram investigadas por meio de regressão de Poisson.

RESULTADOS

A prevalência de uso global de medicamentos foi de 30,7% (IC95% 28,3-33,1). A prevalência de uso de medicamentos para doenças crônicas foi de 5,6% (IC95% 4,7-6,7) e para condições agudas, 27,1% (IC95% 24,8-29,4). Os fatores significativamente associados com o uso global foram ter no máximo cinco anos de idade, residir na região Nordeste, ter plano de saúde e utilizar serviços de saúde nos últimos 12 meses (consultas de emergência e internações). Associaram-se ao uso de medicamentos para doenças crônicas: idade ≥ 2 anos, regiões Sudeste e Sul e utilização de serviços de saúde. Para o uso de medicamentos em condições agudas, foram identificados os seguintes fatores associados: ≤ 5 anos, Norte, Nordeste ou Centro-Oeste, plano de saúde e uma ou mais consultas de emergência. Os medicamentos com maior prevalência de uso pelas crianças menores de dois anos foram paracetamol, ácido ascórbico e dipirona; nas crianças com 2 ou mais anos, foram dipirona, paracetamol e amoxicilina.

CONCLUSÕES: O uso de medicamentos na população infantil é substancial, principalmente no tratamento de condições médicas agudas. As crianças usuárias de medicamentos para doenças crônicas apresentam perfil demográfico diferente das usuárias de medicamentos para condições agudas, em relação ao sexo, à idade e à região geográfica.

摘要

目的

评估巴西儿科人群使用药物及其他治疗性产品的患病率,并检验人口统计学、社会经济和健康因素是否与使用情况相关。

方法

一项基于人群的横断面研究(全国药物合理使用、获取与推广调查 - PNAUM),纳入了7528名12岁及以下居住在巴西城市地区的儿童。在家庭访谈中,由主要照顾者报告用于治疗慢性或急性疾病的药物使用情况。通过泊松回归研究自变量与药物使用之间的关联。

结果

药物使用的总体患病率为30.7%(95%置信区间28.3 - 33.1)。用于慢性病的药物使用率为5.6%(95%置信区间4.7 - 6.7),用于急性病的为27.1%(95%置信区间24.8 - 29.4)。与总体使用显著相关的因素包括5岁及以下、居住在东北地区、拥有健康保险以及在过去12个月内使用过医疗服务(急诊就诊和住院)。与慢性病药物使用相关的因素有:年龄≥2岁、东南部和南部地区以及使用医疗服务。在治疗急性病的药物使用方面,确定的相关因素有:≤5岁、北部、东北部或中西部地区、健康保险以及一次或多次急诊就诊。两岁以下儿童最常用的药物是对乙酰氨基酚、维生素C和安乃近;两岁及以上儿童则是安乃近、对乙酰氨基酚和阿莫西林。

结论

儿童用药情况较为普遍,尤其是在治疗急性病症方面。使用慢性病药物的儿童在性别、年龄和地理区域方面与使用急性病药物的儿童具有不同的人口统计学特征。

目的

估计巴西儿科人群使用药物及其他具有治疗目的产品的患病率,并检验人口、社会经济和医疗因素是否与使用相关。

方法

基于人群的横断面研究(全国药物合理使用、获取与推广调查 - PNAUM),包括7528名12岁及以下居住在巴西城市地区的儿童。治疗慢性或急性疾病的药物使用情况由家庭访谈中的主要儿童照顾者报告。通过泊松回归研究自变量与药物使用之间的关联。

结果

药物总体使用率为30.7%(95%置信区间28.3 - 33.1)。慢性病药物使用率为5.6%(95%置信区间4.7 - 6.7),急性病药物使用率为27.1%(95%置信区间24.8 - 29.4)。与总体使用显著相关的因素为年龄最大5岁、居住在东北地区、拥有健康保险以及在过去12个月内使用过医疗服务(急诊就诊和住院)。与慢性病药物使用相关的因素有:年龄≥2岁、东南部和南部地区以及使用医疗服务。在急性病药物使用方面,确定的相关因素有:≤5岁、北部、东北部或中西部地区、健康保险以及一次或多次急诊就诊。两岁以下儿童使用最普遍的药物是对乙酰氨基酚、维生素C和安乃近;两岁及以上儿童则是安乃近、对乙酰氨基酚和阿莫西林。

结论

儿童群体的用药情况较为显著,主要用于治疗急性医疗病症。使用慢性病药物的儿童在性别、年龄和地理区域方面与使用急性病药物的儿童具有不同的人口统计学特征。

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