针对跨性别者的全面艾滋病毒预防
Comprehensive HIV Prevention for Transgender Persons.
作者信息
Neumann Mary Spink, Finlayson Teresa J, Pitts Nicole L, Keatley JoAnne
机构信息
Mary Spink Neumann and Teresa J. Finlayson are with the Office of the Director, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA. Nicole L. Pitts is with ICF International, Atlanta. JoAnne Keatley is with the Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2017 Feb;107(2):207-212. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303509. Epub 2016 Dec 20.
Transgender persons are at high risk for HIV infection, but prevention efforts specifically targeting these people have been minimal. Part of the challenge of HIV prevention for transgender populations is that numerous individual, interpersonal, social, and structural factors contribute to their risk. By combining HIV prevention services with complementary medical, legal, and psychosocial services, transgender persons' HIV risk behaviors, risk determinants, and overall health can be affected simultaneously. For maximum health impact, comprehensive HIV prevention for transgender persons warrants efforts targeted to various impact levels-socioeconomic factors, decision-making contexts, long-lasting protections, clinical interventions, and counseling and education. We present current HIV prevention efforts that reach transgender persons and present others for future consideration.
跨性别者感染艾滋病毒的风险很高，但专门针对这些人的预防工作却微乎其微。跨性别群体预防艾滋病毒面临的部分挑战在于，众多个人、人际、社会和结构因素导致了他们面临感染风险。通过将艾滋病毒预防服务与补充性医疗、法律和心理社会服务相结合，可以同时影响跨性别者的艾滋病毒风险行为、风险决定因素和整体健康状况。为了实现最大的健康影响，针对跨性别者的全面艾滋病毒预防工作需要针对不同影响层面做出努力，包括社会经济因素、决策环境、长效保护、临床干预以及咨询和教育。我们介绍了目前针对跨性别者的艾滋病毒预防工作，并提出了其他可供未来考虑的措施。
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