印度中部农村地区农民自杀的风险因素：配对病例对照心理解剖研究
Risk Factors for Farmers' Suicides in Central Rural India: Matched Case-control Psychological Autopsy Study.
作者信息
Bhise Manik Changoji, Behere Prakash Balkrushna
机构信息
Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
Professor and Head, Department of Psychiatry, Director Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed Univ), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
出版信息
Indian J Psychol Med. 2016 Nov-Dec;38(6):560-566. doi: 10.4103/0253-7176.194905.
BACKGROUND
Despite more than two decades since recognition of suicides by farmers in India, systematic studies comparing various risk factors are lacking. This is major hurdle for the formulation of strategies for farmers' suicide prevention.
OBJECTIVE
To identify socioeconomic and psychological risk factors and their relative contribution in suicides by farmers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A matched case-control psychological autopsy was done on 98 farmers' suicide victims and 98 controls in Central India.
RESULTS
Economic problems, psychiatric illness, and stressful life events were found to be important contributors to farmers' suicides. Important economic risk factors were procurement of debt, especially from multiple sources and for nonagricultural reasons and leasing out farms. Psychiatric illness was present significantly in higher proportion among cases than controls. Crop failure, interpersonal problems, medical illness, and marriage of female family member were significant stressful life events.
CONCLUSIONS
There are socioeconomic and psychological risk factors for suicide by farmers which can be targets of prevention policy.
背景
尽管印度农民自杀现象被认识到已有二十多年，但缺乏比较各种风险因素的系统性研究。这是制定农民自杀预防策略的主要障碍。
目的
确定社会经济和心理风险因素及其在农民自杀中的相对作用。
材料与方法
在印度中部对98名农民自杀受害者和98名对照者进行了匹配病例对照心理解剖。
结果
经济问题、精神疾病和生活应激事件被发现是农民自杀的重要因素。重要的经济风险因素包括举债，特别是从多个来源举债以及出于非农业原因举债和出租农场。病例中精神疾病的比例明显高于对照。作物歉收、人际关系问题、疾病和女性家庭成员结婚是显著的生活应激事件。
结论
农民自杀存在社会经济和心理风险因素，可成为预防政策的目标。
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