教育干预对尼泊尔拉利特布尔地区社区药剂师关于药物警戒和消费者药物警戒的知识及态度的影响。
Effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding pharmacovigilance and consumer pharmacovigilance among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district, Nepal.
作者信息
Jha Nisha, Rathore Devendra Singh, Shankar Pathiyil Ravi, Bhandary Shital, Pandit Rabi Bushan, Gyawali Sudesh, Alshakka Mohamed
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, KIST Medical College, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Department of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jan 3;10(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2343-5.
BACKGROUND
Pharmacovigilance activities are in a developing stage in Nepal. ADR reporting is mainly confined to healthcare professionals working in institutions recognized as regional pharmacovigilance centers. Community pharmacists could play an important role in pharmacovigilance. This study was conducted among community pharmacists in Lalitpur district to examine their knowledge and attitude about pharmacovigilance before and after an educational intervention.
METHODS
Knowledge and attitude was studied before, immediately after and 6 weeks following the intervention among 75 community pharmacists. Responses were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A pretested questionnaire having twelve and nine statements for assessing knowledge and attitude were used. The overall scores were obtained by adding the 'knowledge' and 'attitude' scores and 'overall' scores were summarized using median and interquartile range. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for repeated samples was used to compare the differences between knowledge and attitude of the pharmacists before and after the educational program.
RESULTS
Knowledge scores [median (interquartile range)] improved significantly between pre-test [39 (44-46)], post-test [44 (44-44)] and retention period of 6 weeks after the intervention [46 (43-46)]. Knowledge score improved immediately post-intervention among both males [44 (41-47)] and females [44 (43-45)] but the retention scores (after 6 weeks) were higher [46 (42-48)] among males. Attitude scores improved significantly among females [46 (44-48)]. The overall scores were higher among pharmacists from rural areas.
CONCLUSION
Knowledge and attitude scores improved after the educational intervention. Further studies in other regions of the country are required. The national pharmacovigilance center should promote awareness about ADR reporting among community pharmacists.
背景
尼泊尔的药物警戒活动正处于发展阶段。药品不良反应报告主要局限于在被认可为地区药物警戒中心的机构工作的医疗专业人员。社区药剂师在药物警戒中可发挥重要作用。本研究在拉利特布尔区的社区药剂师中开展，以调查他们在教育干预前后对药物警戒的知识和态度。
方法
对75名社区药剂师在干预前、干预后即刻以及干预后6周的知识和态度进行研究。使用描述性和推断性统计方法分析回答。采用一份经过预测试的问卷，其中有12条和9条陈述分别用于评估知识和态度。通过将“知识”和“态度”得分相加得出总体得分，并使用中位数和四分位间距总结“总体”得分。采用重复样本的Wilcoxon符号秩检验来比较教育项目前后药剂师知识和态度的差异。
结果
知识得分[中位数（四分位间距）]在预测试[39（44 - 46）]、后测试[44（44 - 44）]以及干预后6周的保留期[46（43 - 46）]之间有显著提高。干预后即刻，男性[44（41 - 47）]和女性[44（43 - 45）]的知识得分均有所提高，但男性的保留得分（6周后）更高[46（42 - 48）]。女性的态度得分有显著提高[46（44 - 48）]。农村地区药剂师的总体得分更高。
结论
教育干预后知识和态度得分有所提高。需要在该国其他地区开展进一步研究。国家药物警戒中心应提高社区药剂师对药品不良反应报告的认识。
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