Rizzacasa Barbara, Morini Elena, Pucci Sabina, Murdocca Michela, Novelli Giuseppe, Amati Francesca
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome; Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jan 29;18(2):290. doi: 10.3390/ijms18020290.
Alternative splicing (AS) is a process in which precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing sites are differentially selected to diversify the protein isoform population. Changes in AS patterns have an essential role in normal development, differentiation and response to physiological stimuli. It is documented that AS can generate both "risk" and "protective" splice variants that can contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases including atherosclerosis. The main endothelial receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDLs) is LOX-1 receptor protein encoded by the gene. When undergoes AS events, it generates three variants: , and The latter lacks exon 5 and two-thirds of the functional domain. Literature data demonstrate a protective role of LOXIN in pathologies correlated with LOX-1 overexpression such as atherosclerosis and tumors. In this review, we summarize recent developments in understanding of AS while also highlighting data warranting further investigation of this process as a novel therapeutic target.
可变剪接（AS）是一种前体信使核糖核酸（pre-mRNA）剪接位点被差异选择以多样化蛋白质异构体群体的过程。AS模式的变化在正常发育、分化和对生理刺激的反应中起着至关重要的作用。有文献记载，AS既能产生“风险”剪接变体，也能产生“保护”剪接变体，这些变体可导致包括动脉粥样硬化在内的多种疾病的发病机制。氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）的主要内皮受体是由该基因编码的凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1（LOX-1）蛋白。当发生AS事件时，它会产生三种变体：、和，后者缺少外显子5和三分之二的功能域。文献数据表明，LOXIN在与LOX-1过表达相关的疾病（如动脉粥样硬化和肿瘤）中具有保护作用。在本综述中，我们总结了对AS理解的最新进展，同时也强调了有必要进一步研究这一过程作为一种新的治疗靶点的数据。
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